生育公平、人口质量与中国全面鼓励二孩政策

发布时间：2018-06-04 04:36

本文选题：计划生育政策 + 生育公平　；参考：《人口学刊》2017年03期

【摘要】：中国的计划生育政策并不是绝对的"一对夫妇只生育一个孩子"的"一孩政策",而是表现出明显的多样性和差异性。当前的全面二孩政策既解决了"一孩政策"约束下的生育不公平,又避免了"多孩政策"带来的人口质量问题,是中国计划生育政策改革的一大进步。但是,在中国总和生育率长期低于更替水平,甚至即将掉入"低生育率陷阱"的背景下,根据发达国家的经验,结合国内六个地区的二孩政策生育实践,中国计划生育政策改革的当务之急,不应仅停留在全面放开二孩,也不应全面放开生育,而是要全面鼓励二孩,即对生育一个孩子的家庭不惩罚,对生育两个孩子的家庭进行奖励。这样的生育政策既符合中国计划生育政策"渐进调试,稳中求变"的发展路径,也有利于促进生育公平和人口质量提升。
[Abstract]:China's one-child policy is not an absolute one-child policy of "a couple having only one child", but shows obvious diversity and diversity. The current comprehensive two-child policy not only solves the unfairness of birth under the "one-child policy", but also avoids the population quality problem brought about by the "multi-child policy". It is a great progress in the reform of China's family planning policy. However, in the context of China's total fertility rate being below replacement level for a long time and even about to fall into a "low fertility trap," according to the experience of developed countries, combining the practice of the two-child policy in six regions of the country, The urgent task of the reform of China's family planning policy should not only be to open up the second child in an all-round way, nor to give birth to the second child in an all-round way, but to encourage the second child in an all-round way, that is, not to punish the family that has given birth to one child. Reward families with two children. This kind of fertility policy is not only in line with the development path of China's family planning policy, but also conducive to promoting fertility equity and improving the quality of the population.
【作者单位】：中南财经政法大学公共管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目:完善人口和计划生育利益导向政策体系研究(11&ZD038) 中南财经政法大学公共管理学院暑期调研项目:湖北省社会养老服务体系建设调查研究(31700000003) 河南省高校哲学社会科学创新团队支持计划:社会治理精细化与公共政策选择(2017-CXTD-09)
【分类号】：C924.21

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