制度与中国当代生育行为关系分析

发布时间：2018-06-15 18:10

  本文选题：生育行为 + 直接制度　； 参考：《中国高校社会科学》2016年02期

【摘要】：中国当代民众的生育行为受到直接性和间接性两种制度的影响。生育控制政策是作用于生育行为的主要直接性制度。不过,该制度经历了无控制、理解节育、倡导计划生育、鼓励计划生育、实施计划生育、推行独生子女政策、实施全面两孩政策这样一个演变过程。间接制度既有中小学教育普及、就业社会化程度提高和福利制度建立对生育行为所产生的抑制作用,也有农村集体经济时代一些地方在口粮分配和宅基地提供上向多子女家庭的倾斜做法所起的鼓励作用。从家庭和国家角度看,民众生育行为受到外在和内在两种制度的作用,由此,"家""国"之间既有一致之处,也有矛盾和冲突之处,这需要相互调适,寻求最佳结合点。
[Abstract]:The fertility behavior of contemporary Chinese people is influenced by both direct and indirect systems. Fertility control policy is the main direct system that acts on fertility behavior. However, the system has undergone an evolutionary process of uncontrolled, understanding of birth control, advocating family planning, encouraging family planning, implementing the one-child policy, and implementing a comprehensive two-child policy. The indirect system has the effects of popularizing primary and secondary education, increasing the degree of socialization of employment and the establishment of welfare system. There is also the incentive in some parts of the rural collective economy to skew the distribution of rations and homestead provision to families with many children. From the point of view of family and country, people's reproductive behavior is influenced by the external and internal systems. Therefore, there are some similarities, contradictions and conflicts between "home" and "country", which need to be adjusted to seek the best combination point.
【作者单位】： 中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所、中国社会科学院老年与家庭研究中心;
【分类号】：C924.21
，

本文编号：2023017