1965年以来中国新移民潮与美国华人人口结构的变化

发布时间：2018-06-16 14:47

本文选题：美国移民政策 + 中国新移民　；参考：《南方人口》2017年01期

【摘要】：新移民是推动当代美国华人人口增长和结构变迁的主要因素。1965年美国颁布新移民法,彻底废除了种族歧视性条款,按国籍分配移民配额,华人获得相对平等的入境权;再加上配额外的直系亲属移民,使得华人移民数量不断攀升。中美建交后,原先由台湾享用的2万名移民配额转给中国大陆,1982年美国另给台湾2万名移民配额,此外还给香港和澳门一些移民配额。由于新移民的持续大规模涌入,美国华人人口增速惊人,至2015年已超过450万,其中60%以上为移民,40%为土生华裔。华人移民不仅在来源地和类型上趋向多元化,而且在社会经济背景上呈现出两极分化的特点。
[Abstract]:New immigrants are the main factors to promote the population growth and structural change of contemporary Chinese in the United States. In 1965, the United States promulgated the new immigration law, completely abolished the racial discrimination clause, distributed the immigration quota according to the nationality, the Chinese obtained the relatively equal right to enter the country; Coupled with out-of-quota direct family immigration, the number of Chinese immigrants continues to climb. After the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States, the quota of 20,000 immigrants previously enjoyed by Taiwan was transferred to the Chinese mainland. In 1982, the United States gave Taiwan another quota of 20,000 immigrants, as well as some quotas for immigrants from Hong Kong and Macao. As a result of the continued influx of new immigrants, the Chinese population in the United States has grown at an alarming rate, reaching more than 4.5 million by 2015, of which more than 60 per cent are immigrants of indigenous Chinese origin. Chinese immigrants not only tend to be diversified in origin and type, but also present the characteristics of polarization in the social and economic background.
【作者单位】：暨南大学国际关系学院;
【基金】：广东省社科规划一般项目——“1965年以来美国华人社会结构的演变”(编号:GD11CHQ02) 广东社科规划特别委托项目——“二战后美国粤籍华侨华人社会的变迁”(编号:GD13TW01-9)
【分类号】：C924.2;C924.712

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