人口分散与集中的理论极限及现实均衡

发布时间：2018-07-02 10:55

本文选题：人口规模 + 劳动分工　；参考：《技术经济与管理研究》2017年04期

【摘要】：判断人口集中是否合理的依据究竟是不是集中的规模?经分析发现:农业与工业生产追逐自然资源的动机导致人口分散,规模效应促使工业生产在某一区域相对集中。劳动分工能够提升效率从而吸引人口集中,劳动分工与市场规模扩张相互促进吸引人口进一步集中,但分工与市场扩张程度受交易与协调成本制约,节约交易成本的动机使得不同等级的中心地同时存在。人均资源与人均资本差异均能推动人口分散或集中。其影响为正的平均净效用吸引人口集中,大城市人口超过合理限度后,仍然存在一个自然极限,不会无限扩张。当区域之间具有大致相同的人均净效用时,人口在不同地区间的迁移将相对停止。判断人口集中是否适度的标准不是人口规模,而是人口集中是否导致人均效用增长。
[Abstract]:Is the basis for determining whether population concentration is reasonable is the scale of concentration? It is found that the motive of pursuing natural resources in agriculture and industrial production leads to population dispersion, and the scale effect causes industrial production to be relatively concentrated in a certain region. Division of labor can enhance efficiency and attract population concentration. Division of labor and expansion of market scale promote further concentration of population, but the degree of division of labor and market expansion is restricted by transaction and coordination cost. The motive of saving transaction costs makes different levels of centrality exist simultaneously. The difference between per capita resources and capital per capita can promote population dispersion or concentration. The effect is that the positive average net utility attracts population concentration. After the population of big cities exceeds the reasonable limit, there is still a natural limit and will not expand indefinitely. When there is roughly the same per capita net effect among regions, migration between different regions will be relatively stopped. The criterion to judge whether population concentration is appropriate is not population size, but whether population concentration leads to increase of per capita utility.
【作者单位】：云南大学;曲靖师范学院;
【分类号】：C922

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