全面二孩政策下生育对城镇女性就业的影响机理研究

发布时间：2018-07-09 15:20

  本文选题：全面二孩政策 + 生育　； 参考：《人口与经济》2017年04期

【摘要】：由于育龄妇女同时承担人口再生产和社会再生产双重职责,全面两孩政策实施以来,生育对女性就业的影响备受关注。本文基于角色冲突理论和帕累托改进理论,运用最新调查数据交叉分析和Logistic回归模型,对生育过程对就业影响机理研究发现,生育已对四成以上城镇女性就业带来不利影响。比较生育过程对就业各层面的影响机理发现,城镇女性因怀孕而失去工作的比例最高,分娩对收入影响最大,育婴对就业影响最具替代效应。为减少生育对就业的不利影响,建议政府完善生育保障制度,通过财政兜底提升城镇女性就业稳定性与个人收入;发展公共托幼事业,减轻育婴对女性就业带来的冲突。
[Abstract]:Since women of childbearing age bear dual responsibilities of reproduction and social reproduction, the influence of childbearing on women's employment has attracted much attention since the implementation of the policy of comprehensive two-child policy. Based on the role conflict theory and Pareto improvement theory, this paper uses the latest cross-analysis of survey data and Logistic regression model to study the mechanism of the effects of fertility on employment. It is found that fertility has brought adverse effects on the employment of more than 40% of urban women. Comparing the influence mechanism of birth process on employment, it is found that urban women have the highest proportion of losing their jobs because of pregnancy, childbirth has the greatest impact on income, and infant rearing has the most substitution effect on employment. In order to reduce the adverse effects of childbearing on employment, it is suggested that the government should improve the reproductive security system, promote the stability of urban women's employment and personal income through financial support, and develop public child-care undertakings to alleviate the conflicts brought about by baby-rearing on women's employment.
【作者单位】： 全国妇联妇女研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“调整完善生育政策对城镇女性就业的影响机理研究”(15BRK035)
【分类号】：C924.21
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本文编号：2109792