中国国际人口迁移的空间格局及影响因素

发布时间：2018-08-09 06:47

【摘要】：国际人口迁移是人口地理学研究的核心内容之一,而空间格局又是国际迁移研究的重要方面。基于联合国人口司公布的国际移民数据,利用国际移民规模存量与比重、集中化指数以及有效迁移率等指标探讨中国国际人口迁移的空间格局、变化趋势及影响因素。中国在长期作为全球主要国际移民迁出国的同时,也逐渐成为重要的国际迁移目的地国;中国国际移民的来源国和目的地国均呈现出集中分布的特征,其中目的地国主要集中于北美、欧洲、澳洲以及东亚国家,而来源国则主要集中于亚洲、南美和北美的部分国家;1990-2013年间,中国国际输出移民目的地国分布呈现集中化的趋势,而移民来源国分布则表现出分散化的特征;就有效迁移率而言,中国相对于巴基斯坦、斯里兰卡、巴西、越南、秘鲁、菲律宾、印度而言,属于移民净流入国家,但相对其他大部分国家则是移民净流出国;此外,国家间经济发展差距、迁移距离、移民网络、经济全球化均对中国国际移民格局有重要影响。
[Abstract]:International population migration is one of the core contents of population geography research, and spatial pattern is an important aspect of international migration research. Based on the international migration data published by the United Nations population Division, the spatial pattern, changing trend and influencing factors of China's international migration are discussed by using the international migration scale stock and proportion, concentration index and effective migration rate. China has become an important destination country for international migration while it has long been a major international migration country in the world. The origin and destination countries of Chinese international migrants are characterized by concentrated distribution. Among them, the destination countries are mainly concentrated in North America, Europe, Australia and East Asia, while the source countries are mainly concentrated in Asia, South America and parts of North America. During the period 1990-2013, the distribution of China's destination countries of international migrant exports showed a trend of concentration. In terms of effective migration rates, China is a net inflow country relative to Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Brazil, Vietnam, Peru, the Philippines and India. In addition, the economic development gap, migration distance, migration network and economic globalization have important influence on China's international migration pattern.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划课题“流动人口对区域发展的影响评估及决策支持集成平台示范应用”(2012BAI32B07)
【分类号】：C922

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