国难中的九一八纪念——以东北流亡民众为中心

发布时间：2018-10-13 18:00

【摘要】：1931—1945年间,国内各界持续进行了九一八纪念,但在抗战前与战时表现了迥然不同的态势。在抗战前,东北流亡民众始终积极地举行九一八纪念,他们既关注日军的侵略态势及东北民众的境遇,又不断表达其复土还乡的意志。国民政府在纪念时表现得较为克制,甚至在华北危机时对纪念采取了限制措施。知识界与东北民众态度相近,但他们多从国家或学理视角言说。抗战爆发后,国民政府的九一八纪念规格逐渐提升,该纪念成为凝聚民心和振奋士气的一种形式。在这种情势下,为抗战建言献策成为东北流亡民众纪念的主要内容,同时每年纪念又成为他们总结抗战态势的重要时间点。太平洋战争爆发后,国内各界大都对抗战前途持乐观态度,展望东北的收复成为纪念的主要内容,但具体表现却存有差异。1931—1945年间东北流亡民众、国民政府与知识界九一八纪念言论的嬗变,反映了国内各界对日本侵略认识与诉求的嬗变轨迹,亦折射了彼时中日关系与国民政府对日政策的演变态势。
[Abstract]:From 1931 to 1945, all circles in China continued to commemorate September 18, but showed a very different situation before the War of Resistance against Japan. Before the War of Resistance against Japan, the exiled people in Northeast China held the September 18 commemoration actively. They not only paid attention to the aggression situation of the Japanese army and the situation of the people in the Northeast, but also expressed their will to return to their homeland. The National Government exercised restraint in the commemoration, and even took restrictions on the memorial during the crisis in North China. Intellectuals and northeast people have similar attitudes, but they say more from the perspective of the state or theory. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the National Government's September 18 memorial standard was gradually upgraded, which became a form of rally and morale. In this situation, suggestions for the War of Resistance became the main content of the memory of the exiled people in Northeast China, at the same time, the annual commemoration also became an important time point for them to sum up the situation of the War of Resistance against Japan. After the Pacific War broke out, most of the domestic circles were optimistic about the future of the War of Resistance against Japan, and looked forward to the recovery of the Northeast as the main content of the memorial, but the concrete performance was different. From 1931 to 1945, the exiled people in Northeast China, The evolution of the National Government and the intellectual Commemorative speech of September 18 reflects the evolution of the understanding and demands of the Japanese aggression from all walks of life in the country, and also reflects the evolution of the Sino-Japanese relations and the national government's policy towards Japan at that time.
【作者单位】：辽宁社会科学院历史研究所;
【分类号】：K265;C92-09

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