中国乡—城人口两阶段迁移模式及其经济学分析

发布时间：2018-10-17 09:44

【摘要】：乡—城人口两阶段迁移模式是中国人口城市化过程不同于国外模式的突出特点。本文简要介绍了两阶段迁移模式的特征和影响,并运用经济学方法分别从城市政府和农民个体两个视角来考察该模式的内在动因和影响因素,揭示了这一模式在根本上是由城乡差别和"城市偏好"的制度安排所造成的。基于此,本文主张在政府行为导向上要努力克服政府的"城市偏好"和"经济偏好"倾向;在政策变革时机上要认识到加快城市化进程、推进农民工的市民化对于扩大内需以应对当前经济困难的重要意义;在政策重点上要紧抓农村转移劳动力在城市的生存、居留和发展等核心问题,为农民工逐步适应并最终融入城市生活提供有效的制度保障和政策支持。
[Abstract]:The two-stage migration model of township-city population is a prominent feature of the urbanization process of Chinese population which is different from that of foreign countries. This paper briefly introduces the characteristics and effects of the two-stage migration model, and uses the economic method to examine the internal motivation and influencing factors of the two-stage migration model from the perspective of urban government and peasant individual, respectively. It is revealed that this model is fundamentally caused by the difference between urban and rural areas and the institutional arrangement of "urban preference". Based on this, this paper argues that the government should try to overcome the tendency of "city preference" and "economic preference" in the direction of government behavior, and realize that the process of urbanization should be accelerated in terms of the timing of policy change. The importance of promoting the urbanization of migrant workers to expand domestic demand in order to cope with the current economic difficulties, and to focus on the core issues of the survival, residence and development of rural migrant workers in urban areas, It provides effective system guarantee and policy support for peasant workers to adapt and finally integrate into city life.
【作者单位】：河海大学中国移民研究中心;
【基金】：国家社科基金课题《气候变化与人口迁移关联性及其政策研究》(10BRK001)和《极端气候影响下的人口迁移安置政策研究》(11CRK002)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：C92-05

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