人口政策议题转换:从养育看生育——“全面二孩”下中产家庭的隔代抚养与儿童照顾

发布时间：2019-05-08 17:31

【摘要】：全面二孩政策的实施,以及过去几年的人口出生数量不符合预期,引起了很多关注和讨论。许多育龄夫妇表示,儿童照顾的压力很大,是他们在考虑生育二孩时候的主要担忧之一。这意味着,相比于生育,养育问题越来越成为更重要的社会问题。而从社会政策的角度来说,养育问题就是儿童照顾问题。结合宏观调查数据与微观家庭调查,从家庭决策层面考察儿童照顾压力、家庭应对策略及其与二孩生育意愿之间的关系可以发现,中产家庭中广泛存在的"隔代抚养"模式作为一种家庭策略,通过代际合作试图转移和分散儿童照顾的压力,但是同时滋生新的压力。由此而来的政策意涵是,应该重新梳理"去家庭化"和"再家庭化"的争论,转化过去数量思维占主导的家庭政策,建立以儿童照顾为重心的支持性的家庭政策。
[Abstract]:The implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy and the fact that the number of births in the past few years has not met expectations has attracted a lot of attention and discussion. Many couples of childbearing age say the pressure on child care is one of their main concerns when considering having a second child. This means that parenting is becoming a more and more important social issue than fertility. From the point of view of social policy, the problem of parenting is the problem of child care. Combined with macro survey data and micro household survey, it can be found that the relationship between child care stress, family coping strategies and two children's willingness to have children can be found from the level of family decision-making. As a family strategy, the "intergenerational upbringing" model, which widely exists in middle-class families, tries to transfer and disperse the pressure of child care through intergenerational cooperation, but at the same time breeds new pressures. The policy implication is that we should rearrange the arguments of "de-family" and "re-family", transform the family policy dominated by quantitative thinking in the past, and establish a supportive family policy focusing on child care.
【作者单位】：中山大学政治与公共事务管理学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“国外社会政策前沿理论研究”(2009JJD810016)、“资产为本的社会政策研究”(14JJD630014) 中山大学青年教师培育项目“社会治理视角下的家庭政策研究——基于粤港两地的调查”(17WKPY82)
【分类号】：C913.1;C924.21

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