生育二孩职业女性的母乳喂养支持——以北京为例

发布时间：2019-07-30 19:54

【摘要】：如何平衡家庭和工作始终是职业女性面临的难题,全面两孩政策的实施将这个问题的讨论推向了风口浪尖。哺乳是人类繁衍后代的本能之一,如今却成为女性再次回归工作岗位必须面临的第一道抉择关口。本文通过2015年"北京市生育二孩妇女孕产卫生保健需求调查"的数据,以社会支持网络为架构,分析各项社会支持对职业女性母乳喂养持续时间的影响,试图为全面两孩政策实施后建立"生育友好型"社会环境提供实践和理论依据。研究发现,生育二孩的母亲普遍存在断奶过早的情况,在职业女性中表现得尤为突出。当面临工作和母乳喂养的冲突时,在工作单位设置母乳喂养室、为女性提供更多的科学哺乳知识,能有效降低职业女性过早断奶的可能性;亲友的情感支持则可能"好心办坏事",反而导致职业女性提早断奶。
[Abstract]:How to balance family and work has always been a difficult problem for working women, and the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy has pushed the discussion of this issue to the forefront. Breast-feeding is one of the instincts of human reproduction, but now it is the first choice that women must face when they return to work again. Based on the survey of maternal health care needs of second-child women in Beijing in 2015, and based on the framework of social support network, this paper analyzes the influence of various social support on the duration of breastfeeding for working women, and tries to provide practical and theoretical basis for the establishment of "fertility-friendly" social environment after the implementation of the comprehensive two-child policy. The study found that mothers who gave birth to two children were generally weaned prematurely, especially among working women. When faced with the conflict between work and breastfeeding, setting up breast-feeding rooms in the work unit to provide women with more scientific breast-feeding knowledge can effectively reduce the possibility of premature weanling of working women, while the emotional support of relatives and friends may "do bad things with good intentions", which on the contrary leads to early weanling of working women.
【作者单位】：浙江大学公共管理学院;国家卫生计生委科学技术研究所人口与健康研究部;
【基金】：北京社会科学基金项目“生育政策调整后北京市孕产医疗卫生供需研究”(14SHB012)
【分类号】：C913.68;C924.21

【相似文献】