近代以来四川汉族民歌地理研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 20:09

本文选题：近代　切入点：四川　出处：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：音乐地理学是文化地理的分支,通过对音乐区域分布及特点和音地之间关系的研究来探求音乐的生成和发展脉络,从而对某一地区的音乐艺术有更深入立体的认识。民间歌曲是传统民间音乐的重要组成部分,反映了一定时期内社会文化生活的方方面面,有着很重要的历史价值和艺术价值。如今,民间歌曲已成为急需保护的非物质文化遗产,面临着没有发展动力,后继无人的困境,由此,从历史地理学视角研究民间歌曲对于民间音乐的保护继承有着重要意义。本文以近代以来四川汉族的民间歌曲为出发点,通过追溯四川汉族民歌的历史发展,整理近代以来汉族民歌的分布情况,结合个案探究,找出音乐和地理的互动关系,力图呈现出真实的近代四川民歌地理状况,为现代的民间艺术保护提供借鉴。因此本文主要包括以下几个方面:第一部分为绪论,主要包括论文的选题缘由,音乐地理学和民歌的概念,同时对相关学术成果进行整理,最后说明本文的研究重难点和研究方法。第二部分为历史时期四川民歌的变迁历程,清代以前,四川社会经历着自给自足的自然经济,从“巴渝舞曲”到“竹枝歌”,从薅草锣鼓到城市小调,四川的民歌艺术一直在丰富着人们的精神文化生活。晚清至民国以来,四川经历着前所未有的变革,传统的民歌演唱也发生了新的变化,时事歌、抗战歌多了起来,反映了在特殊的时期,四川的广大人民群众也同官方一道,为着民族的胜利而斗争。建国以后,民歌的发展进入新的阶段,国家大力支持文化艺术的发展,搜集整理了一批民歌集成出版,虽然一些民歌因为时间的流逝和“文革”的破坏遭到遗失,但很大一部分还是保存了下来,为后人去继承发展。第三部分是近代以来四川民歌的分布情况,将四川汉族民歌按照体裁分为山歌、号子、小调、风俗歌和儿歌五个部分,山歌在封建社会时期基本上全川都有分布,比较有特色的神歌、背二歌、秧歌、薅草歌等主要分布在川东北、川西高原、川东南、川南等地区。号子来源于人们从事各种劳动时的劳动号子,代表性的川江号子在长江流域的很多河流都有分布,竹麻号子、盐工号子等是四川特有的民歌,反映了劳动人民不畏艰难的劳动精神和风骨。小调可以分为城市小调和农村小调,在整个四川广泛分布,声腔婉转和缓,其中以南坪小调最有特色。风俗歌主要包括婚嫁歌、丧葬歌和灯调,是四川人民风俗活动的重要反映,以前在全川地区都有嫁歌或丧歌,随着社会风俗的改变,现今已经很少有人演唱。灯调是人们边进行灯舞、边演唱的歌曲,富有鲜明的地方特色。儿歌富有童趣,在四川的各个地区都有分布,四川的儿歌带有丰富的地方特点,运用了大量方言,一些儿歌是成人为反映时事创作而成的,不同时期的儿歌是不同时期儿童生活的写照。本文的最后一部分是通过民歌的分布和自身的特点,找到民歌与环境的互动关系,民歌的产生和发展深受自然环境和社会环境的影响,同时民歌的内容和形式又反映了一定时期的环境,它们的关系是相互依存,互相作用的。
[Abstract]:Geography is a branch of music cultural geography, through the research on the relationship between music and the regional distribution characteristics and the sound generation and development to explore music, which in a certain area of music and art have a better understanding of stereo. Folk song is a traditional folk music of the important part, reflects the social and cultural life in all aspects, has a very important historical value and artistic value. Today, folk songs have become the urgent need to protect the intangible cultural heritage, faced with no momentum, leave no successor dilemma, therefore, from the perspective of historical geography study of folk songs for folk music inheritance protection is of great significance. In this paper since modern times in Sichuan Han folk songs as a starting point, through the historical development of Sichuan folk songs of the Han nationality in the back, finishing the distribution of folk songs of the Han nationality in modern times, with a The case study, find out the relationship between music and geography, tries to present the real modern folk songs of Sichuan geographical conditions, to provide reference for the protection of modern folk art. This paper mainly includes the following aspects: the first part is the introduction, including the background, the concept of geography and music folk songs, and the related academic achievements finish, finally explain the research difficulties and research methods of this paper. The second part is the history, the history of Sichuan folk songs before the Qing Dynasty, the society of Sichuan experienced a self-sufficient natural economy, from the "Bayu dance" to "bamboo song", from the city to the minor Sichuan weeding gongs and drums, folk art has been enriching people's the spiritual and cultural life. Since the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of Sichuan, experiencing a hitherto unknown change, traditional folk music has undergone new changes, the current song, the song Up, reflected in the special period, the masses of the people of Sichuan is also a national official, for the victory of the struggle. After the founding of new China, the development of folk songs into a new stage, the development of the strong support of the national culture and arts, has collected a number of folk songs from integrated version, although some songs for the time the passage of the "Cultural Revolution" was destroyed and lost, but a large part is preserved for future generations to inherit development. The third part is the distribution of Sichuan folk songs in modern times, Sichuan folk songs of the Han nationality according to genre for folk songs, songs, tunes, five folk songs and part songs, folk songs in the period of feudal society basic on the whole Sichuan are distributed, more of the characteristics of the song of God, two song, yangko dance, weeding songs are mainly distributed in the northeast of Sichuan, Sichuan Plateau, Southeast of Sichuan, southern Sichuan area. Chant originates from people engaged in all kinds of labor The number of child labor, many rivers of Chuanjiang in Yangtze River Basin are distributed, bamboo and hemp chant, salt workers chant is Sichuan's unique folk songs, reflects the people's labor hard labor spirit and character. The minor can be divided into city and rural minor minor, widely distributed throughout Sichuan, and melodious tune among them, the most distinctive Nanping minor. Folk songs include wedding songs, funeral songs and light tone, is an important reflection of the people of Sichuan customs activities, before the whole Sichuan area has a wedding song or funeral songs, along with the change of social custom, now few people have sung. The light tone is people side lantern dance and sang songs, with distinctive local characteristics. Songs full of playful, are distributed in various regions of Sichuan, Sichuan's rich with local characteristics, the use of a large number of dialects, some songs for adult reflection Things are created in different periods, different periods of life is the children's songs portrayal. The last part is the characteristics of folk songs and their distribution, find the interactive relationship between folk and environment, influence and development of folk songs by the natural environment and social environment, and the content and form of folk songs and reflect in a certain period of time, the relationship between them is interdependent and interact with each other.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K928.6

【参考文献】