谁先发现美洲新大陆——中国地理学西传考证

发布时间：2018-05-27 01:40

本文选题：《乾坤万国全图天下人物事迹》 + 《坤舆万国全图》　；参考：《测绘科学》2017年10期

【摘要】：1593年刻印的《乾坤万国全图天下人物事迹》地图载有亚伯尔耕、加拿大的名字,没有亚墨利加,显示明代知道新大陆的地名比利玛窦制作的《坤舆万国全图》早9年。1570年的奥特里斯的世界地图说明欧洲还没有到过美洲西部。普兰修斯1590年和1594年的地图完善了欧洲人还没有到过美洲的西部和亚洲地理,比对中文的《坤舆万国全图》的准确性,唯一可能是西方采纳了来自中国的信息。其中最大可能是荷兰航海者林斯豪滕和他相熟的中国通在印度果阿的交流,果阿是郑和当年必经之地。1590年后,西方地图有了飞跃的发展,其后西方海洋霸权中心从葡萄牙转移到荷兰和英国。奥特里斯1570年的世界地图,普兰修斯1590年与1594年的世界地图,3种地图逐步改善了西方对新大陆和中国的认识,但是没有欧洲人测量的文献根据,应该是中国的世界地理知识传入西方。《乾坤万国全图天下人物事迹》《郑和航海图》与《坤舆万国全图》代表3种不同用途的地图,均为中国创绘。《坤舆万国全图》的原图是明代内府藏的世界地图,约1430年成图,远早于利玛窦和李之藻时代。明代中国人是世界地理大发现者,是现代地图学的先驱,地图学起码是中国独立创建的,不是来自西方。
[Abstract]:In 1593, the map of all nations and all the world's figures contained the name of Abragen, the name of Canada, and no Ameliga. It shows that the Ming dynasty knew the place names of the new world nine years earlier than Matteo Ricci's map of the whole world. Oteris' world map of 1570 shows that Europe has not been to western America The maps of Pulanseus in 1590 and 1594 perfect the European geography of the West and Asia of the Americas, comparing the accuracy of the Chinese map of Kun and the whole Kingdom. The only possibility is that the West has adopted information from China. The most likely is the exchange in Goa, India, between the Dutch navigator Linstoten and his familiar China hand. Goa is the place where Zheng he had to go. After 1590, Western maps developed by leaps and bounds. Subsequently, the western maritime hegemony center transferred from Portugal to the Netherlands and Britain. The world map of Otraeus in 1570, the world map of Pulanseus in 1590 and the map of the world in 1594 gradually improved Western understanding of the New World and China, but there was no literature on European measurements. It should be that China's knowledge of the world's geography has been introduced to the West. The "Qiankun, the whole Nation, the World figures", the "Zheng he Navigation Chart" and the "Kun Yu and Wan Guo Quan Chart" represent three kinds of maps for different purposes. The original map of Kun and Wanguo is a map of the world in the Ming Dynasty, about 1430, long before the days of Matteo Ricci and Li Zhizao. Chinese people in Ming Dynasty were the discoverers of world geography and pioneers of modern cartography. Cartography was at least created by China independently, not from the West.
【作者单位】：美洲郑和学会;
【分类号】：K901.9

【相似文献】