从恢复力到社会——生态系统:国外研究对我国地理学的启示

发布时间：2019-04-15 21:21

【摘要】：目前恢复力已经成为西方学术界流行的、正在取代可持续发展的概念。本研究总结了恢复力理论的发展历史,结合恢复力研究已进入复杂的社会—生态系统阶段并占据了复杂科学的一席之地的现状,从思考社会—生态系统面临的问题出发,将不确定的问题总结为干扰和讶异两类,探讨由此带来的系统相对稳定和不稳定状态、边界和临界问题,总结现有研究对这些连续和不连续状态和演变过程的研究模型——适应性循环和扰沌结构,关注系统在时间维度上具有的遗产效应和创新、保守的产生以及时滞问题。针对这些分析,本文认为国外恢复力和社会—生态系统研究对以人地关系为核心的中国地理学有三点启示:(1)可持续发展不是人地系统的现阶段和最高形式,人地系统面临的问题是不确定的,天人合一可能更适合描述人地系统的状态和演变过程;(2)以时间维度为核心的社会—生态研究形成的社会—生态系统状态、演变和遗产效应的研究路线梳理可以启发人地关系研究中时间维度的拓展;(3)作为擅长综合研究的中国地理学在将人地系统作为复杂系统进行研究的方向上要走的路还很长,但是,一向关注天人合一的中国地理学是有方向可循的。
[Abstract]:At present, resilience has become a popular concept in western academia, which is replacing the concept of sustainable development. This study summarized the development history of resilience theory, combined with the present situation that resilience research has entered the stage of complex social-ecosystem system and occupied a place of complex science, starting from thinking about the problems faced by social-ecosystem system, The problems of uncertainty are summarized as disturbance and surprise, and the problems of relative stability and instability, boundary and criticality of the system are discussed. This paper summarizes the existing research models of continuous and discontinuous states and evolution processes-adaptive circulation and chaotic structure, and pays attention to the legacy effect and innovation of the system in the time dimension, the generation of conservatism and the problem of time delay. In view of these analyses, this paper points out that the study of resilience and socio-ecosystem abroad has three enlightenments to the geography of China with human-land relationship as its core: (1) Sustainable development is not the present stage and the highest form of human-land system, and the sustainable development is not the highest form of human-land system. The problems faced by the human-earth system are uncertain, and the unity of nature and man may be more suitable to describe the state and evolution of the human-earth system. (2) the research route of social-ecosystem state, evolution and heritage effect formed by the social-ecological research with the time dimension as the core can enlighten the expansion of the time dimension in the study of human-land relationship; (3) Chinese geography, which is good at comprehensive research, still has a long way to go in the direction of studying human-earth system as a complex system. However, Chinese geography, which has always been concerned about the integration of nature and man, has a direction to follow.
【作者单位】：华南师范大学旅游管理学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41401189) 教育部人文社会科学项目(12YJCZH316)
【分类号】：K901

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