当代大学生人情观之质化研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 00:13

本文选题：质化　切入点：人情　出处：《河南大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“人情”观念深深得根植于中国人心中，是中国传统文化中重要组成部分，是中国人人际关系的立足点，在一定程度上维系着中国社会系统的正常运作。在中国社会中，存在着许多在宏观社会文化的制约和影响下，在世俗的社会生活中逐渐累积并提炼而成的文化概念，诸如：人情、面子、缘分、命运等。这些概念反映着一个社会的物质文化、制度文化、概念文化，并内化到人们的集体潜意识中，深刻影响着中国人的社会行为。通过对这些文化观念的分析，就可以发现人们在世俗生活中所内隐的社会心理与社会文化之间的联系。林月笙曾形容“人生有三大面最难吃——情面、钱面和场面”，林语堂先生也曾形容面子、命运和人情是统治中国的三大女神。因此，将“人情”观念作为剖析中国人思想和行为的关键。由于人情的普遍性、通俗性，，因此得到了许多社会学者、心理学者、文化学者的关注和探讨。然而，以人情为主题的既有分析在数量上并不多，主要局限在社会学和文学的范畴，大多以叙述说理的综述方式进行探讨，使得“人情”这一本土概念在心理学领域中尚未出现有力的理论建构。由于人情观念差异性较大、内隐性较强，所以，本文选择质化的研究方法对其分析。而大学生具有时代的特征，因此选择大学生作为研究群体，探讨他们心目中的“人情”观念，进而折射出在物质生活和精神生活飞跃变化的今天人们的人情观所发生的变迁。本研究希望通过质化的研究方法解决以下问题：（1）通过大学生对“人情”一词进行造句，了解大学生对人情的整体认识和理解。（2）通过开放式问卷调查，了解大学生如何看待和评价人情。（3）通过深入访谈，了解大学生的人情心理和行为原因，他们认为在什么情境下需要做人情，什么情景下不需要做人情，以及做人情的需要和动机是什么？大学生如何看待和处理人情压力的，在人际交往中有哪些人情困境以及产生这些困境的心理因素有哪些？最后获得以下研究结果： 1大学生人情观整体上偏重情感成分，对人情的理解更多是人情之本义。 2大学生人情观趋近于传统意义上的人情观，在很大程度上是没有异化了的人情观。 3大学生体会人情的维度模式大致为：文化性、互动性、实在性、仪式性、易变性、社会性、原则性。 4大学生关于当今社会人情观念的评价表现了“人情”的社会功能具有双重性。 5大学生关于当今社会人情观的消极评价突显了大学生对人情的操作困境，在人际交往中这些困境体现为“施”和“受”两个方面。 6大学生做人情的场合类型为：礼尚往来型、有求于人型、庆祝型，在人际交往中他们的人情心理和行为原因主要表现在：对礼的遵从、对报的期望、情感需求三个方面。
[Abstract]:The concept of "human feeling" is deeply rooted in the Chinese people's hearts, and it is an important part of Chinese traditional culture, a foothold of Chinese interpersonal relations, and to a certain extent, it maintains the normal operation of the Chinese social system. In Chinese society, There are many cultural concepts which are gradually accumulated and refined in the secular social life under the restriction and influence of macro social culture, such as human feelings, face, fate, fate, etc. These concepts reflect the material culture of a society. Institutional culture, conceptual culture, and internalization into people's collective subconscious mind, deeply affect the social behavior of Chinese people. Through the analysis of these cultural concepts, You can find the connection between the social psychology and social culture that people have hidden in their secular lives. Lin Yue-sheng once described "three main facets of life as the worst-affections, money faces and scenes." Lin Yutang has also described face. Fate and human feelings are the three great goddesses who rule China. Therefore, the concept of "human feelings" is regarded as the key to the analysis of Chinese people's thinking and behavior. Because of the universality and popularity of human feelings, many social scholars and psychologists, However, the existing analysis on the theme of human relations is not much in quantity, mainly confined to the category of sociology and literature, and is mostly discussed in the way of narrative and reasoning. The local concept of "human" has not yet appeared a powerful theoretical construction in the field of psychology. Because of the difference of the concept of human feelings, the inner recessive is stronger, so, This article chooses the qualitative research method to analyze it. The college students have the characteristics of the times, so they choose the college students as the research group, and discuss the concept of "human feelings" in their minds. Then it reflects the change of people's view of human feelings in material life and spiritual life. The purpose of this study is to solve the following problems by qualitative research: 1) through college students to construct sentences about the word "human feelings", to understand the overall understanding and understanding of human feelings among college students, and through an open questionnaire survey. Understand how college students view and evaluate human feelings. (3) through in-depth interviews, understand the psychological and behavioral reasons for human feelings of college students, what circumstances do they think they need to do human feelings, and what situations do not need to do human feelings? And what are the needs and motives for being human? How do college students treat and deal with the pressure of human feelings, what are the human difficulties in interpersonal communication and what are the psychological factors that lead to these dilemmas? Finally, the following results are obtained:. On the whole, college students' view of human feelings emphasizes emotional elements, and the understanding of human feelings is the essence of human feelings. (2) the view of human feelings of college students approaches to the traditional view of human feeling, and to a great extent, it is not alienated. (3) the dimensionality models of college students' experience of human feelings are: culture, interaction, reality, ritual, variability, sociality and principle. The evaluation of college students' concept of human feeling shows that the social function of "human feeling" has duality. (5) the negative evaluation of college students' view of human feelings in today's society highlights the difficulties in the operation of human feelings, which are reflected in the two aspects of "giving" and "receiving" in interpersonal communication. (6) there are three types of occasions in which college students do human feelings: reciprocation, seeking for help and celebrating. In interpersonal communication, their human psychology and behavior are mainly manifested in three aspects: obeying to etiquette, expecting to report, and emotional needs.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：C912

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