美国南亚均势政策的失败及其原因

发布时间：2018-03-08 00:06

  本文选题：美国　切入点：均势政策　出处：《濮阳职业技术学院学报》2016年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：美国在南亚之所以奉行均势政策,原因在于印度和巴基斯坦都有重要的价值。印度幅员辽阔、人口众多、成熟稳定的政党制度和国家机构,使得印度拥有"天然"的南亚领导者优势;而巴基斯坦背靠苏联,临近波斯湾,占据着重要的战略地位,印巴各自的重要性使得美国难舍其一。除此之外,冷战的大背景使美国担心偏颇政策将会导致苏联趁机而入。因此,美国企图双管齐下,将二者纳入囊中。但是,巴基斯坦和印度不仅是两个独立的个体而且彼此还有不可调和的矛盾,南亚印度教徒与穆斯林之间存在尖锐的宗教、民族、政治和经济冲突。因此,美国很难通过均势政策进行居中调停,把双方都拉进自己的阵营,反而陷入南亚困境。同时,也正由于美国均势政策不符合印巴各自目的,印巴便不断向外寻求援助,从而加快美国均势政策的破产。
[Abstract]:The reason why the United States pursues a balance of power policy in South Asia is that both India and Pakistan have important values. India is a vast, populous country with a mature and stable political party system and state institutions. India has a "natural" South Asian leadership advantage; Pakistan, backed by the Soviet Union and bordering the Persian Gulf, occupies an important strategic position, and the importance of India and Pakistan makes it difficult for the United States to abandon. The background of the Cold War made the United States worry that biased policies would lead to the entry of the Soviet Union. Pakistan and India are not only independent individuals but also irreconcilable contradictions. There are sharp religious, ethnic, political and economic conflicts between Hindus and Muslims in South Asia. It is very difficult for the United States to mediate through its balance of power policy and drag both sides into its own camp. Instead, it is in the predicament of South Asia. At the same time, because the US balance of power policy does not accord with the respective objectives of India and Pakistan, India and Pakistan continue to seek assistance from abroad. Thus accelerating the bankruptcy of the balance of power policy in the United States.
【作者单位】： 郑州大学历史学院;
【分类号】：K712.5
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本文编号：1581541