抗战时期平津存银问题:中日英三方的角力

发布时间：2018-05-31 14:09

本文选题：平津存银 + 天津英租界　；参考：《抗日战争研究》2016年02期

【摘要】：从日军占领平津到太平洋战争之前,日本一直欲攫夺存放于平津的中、交等银行数千万存银。围绕平津存银问题,中日英展开了角力。日军占领平津并成立联合准备银行,强行将平津存银的一部分作为联合准备银行的现银,并借机封锁天津英租界,压迫英方举行东京谈判,试图攫夺存银。中方前期在孔祥熙主持下,在与英方交涉中采取财政观点;后期蒋介石介入并主导了对平津存银的处置,在外交政治全局的考量下,对英交涉采取强硬立场,有意借平津存银问题激化英日矛盾。在平津存银问题这场中日英三方的角力中,中国虽然在存银上有所损失,但在战略上,中方以防止日英同盟为目标,并在欧战爆发后,逐步使中英日三国关系开始步入了中方,或者确切地说是蒋介石所设想的轨道。
[Abstract]:From the Japanese occupation of Pingjin to the Pacific War, Japan has been trying to seize and deposit thousands of banks in Peijin. Around Pingjin silver issue, China, Japan and Britain launched a struggle. The Japanese army occupied Pingjin and set up a joint reserve bank, forcibly using a portion of Pingjin depository bank as the present bank of the joint reserve bank, and taking the opportunity to blockade the British concession in Tianjin, oppressing the British side to hold negotiations in Tokyo, and trying to seize the depository bank. In the early stage, under the auspices of Kong Xiangxi, the Chinese side adopted a fiscal point of view in its negotiations with the British side. In the latter stage, Jiang Jieshi intervened and led the handling of the Ping-jin Bank, and took a tough stance on the British representations under the consideration of the overall diplomatic and political situation. The problem of storing silver in Pingjin is intended to intensify the contradiction between Britain and Japan. Although China has lost some money in depositing silver in Peiping, Tianjin and Japan, China has strategically aimed at preventing the Japan-British alliance. After the outbreak of the European War, the Sino-British and Japanese-Japanese relations began to enter the Chinese side. Or, to be exact, the orbit envisioned by Jiang Jieshi.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院近代史研究所;
【分类号】：K152

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