漂流问题与朝鲜时期的“向海性”

发布时间：2018-07-22 10:39

【摘要】：韩民族地处半岛,拥有与生俱来的向海性,而朝鲜时期是其向海性强弱的转折点。以海禁为大背景、防御型海洋政策为基础的朝鲜王朝,国家层面体现出消极的海洋认识,地域层面的向海性虽时有复苏,却因大环境的被动而终究得不到完整释放。从漂流问题来看,本国漂流民对海洋表现出谨慎与敬畏,却又期待漂海带来的异文化体验;外国漂流民在朝鲜王朝得到的待遇,反映出朝廷对海洋外来对象的警惕。朝鲜后期拥有进步思想的实学家们,在海洋认识的停滞上跨出重要一步,对漂流经验持积极态度,然也只到达利用海洋的认识层面,尚未上升至探索海洋的认识层面。可以说这亦是朝鲜王朝探索自身历史主体性的艰难之体现。若要在当下重新获得海洋进出的主动权,韩民族应反思历史上的向海性的变化,以主体姿态在东亚海域中为自己定位。
[Abstract]:The Korean nation is located on the peninsula and has an inherent sea-orientation, and the Korean period was the turning point of its sea-orientation. The Korean dynasty, based on the sea ban and defensive ocean policy, reflected a negative understanding of the sea at the national level. Although the seaward in the regional level was recovering from time to time, it could not be completely released because of the passive nature of the general environment. From the point of view of the drifting problem, the native drifting people showed caution and awe to the sea, but expected the alien cultural experience brought by the floating sea, and the treatment of the foreign drifters in the Korean dynasty reflected the court's vigilance to the foreign objects of the sea. In the late stage of Korea, the practical scientists with progressive thoughts took an important step in the stagnation of ocean knowledge, and took a positive attitude towards drifting experience, but they only reached the level of understanding of using the ocean, but not yet to the level of exploring the ocean. It can be said that this is also the Korean dynasty to explore its own historical subjectivity of the difficult embodiment. In order to regain the initiative of entering and leaving the sea, the Korean nation should reflect on the historical changes of sea orientation and position itself in the East Asian Sea.
【作者单位】：南京大学外国语学院朝鲜语系;
【基金】：韩国教育部2013年度项目资助韩国学中央研究院(韩国学振兴规划办,KSPS)“海外韩国学教科研重点基地”项目成果(AKS-2013-OLU-2250003)的一部分
【分类号】：K312

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