论中王国时期埃及与迦南的关系

发布时间：2018-08-26 16:58

【摘要】：中王国时期埃及与迦南的关系是目前学界争论的一个焦点问题。从现有的埃及文献以及出土于迦南和埃及两地的考古资料看,尽管奈苏蒙图石碑、索白克胡石碑和孟菲斯铭文记录了埃及在迦南的军事行动,但是中王国时期埃及与迦南的关系仍集中表现在贸易上。第十二王朝早期,两地的关系是通过不同路径的双边互动:黎凡特与埃及的联系是通过陆路来完成的,位于拜尼·哈桑的第3号坟墓中的壁画和来自于塞拉比特·艾尔·哈戴德采石场的铭文可以证明这一点;与此同时,出土于伊弗沙的陶器则反映了埃及与黎凡特南部的海上联系;孟菲斯铭文以及出土于达舒尔的克努霍特普坟墓铭文揭示出黎凡特北部地区更趋向于与埃及进行海上贸易。第十二王朝末期和第十三王朝时期,埃及与黎凡特南部的贸易通过出土于阿什克龙的印章和陶器得到了充分的揭示,而克努霍特普的达舒尔铭文则揭示了埃及与古王国时期的传统贸易伙伴巴比罗斯的联系,乃经过埃及第一中间期和第十二王朝早期的中断后,并于这一时期重新开启。
[Abstract]:The relationship between Egypt and Canaan during the Middle Kingdom period is a hot issue in academic circles. Judging from the existing Egyptian literature and archaeological materials unearthed in Canaan and Egypt, although the Naizumontu, Sobekhu and Memphis inscriptions record Egypt's military operations in Canaan, But Egypt's relations with Canaan during the Middle Kingdom were still concentrated on trade. In the early days of the twelfth dynasty, the relationship between the two places took place through bilateral interaction in different ways: the link between Levant and Egypt was accomplished by land. The murals in Baini Hassan's tomb No. 3 and the inscription from the Serabit Al Haddad quarry prove this; at the same time, The pottery unearthed in Ifsha reflects Egypt's maritime links to the south of Levant, while the inscription on the Memphis inscription and the Knukhotep grave unearthed in Daschor reveals that the northern region of Levant is more likely to engage in maritime trade with Egypt. At the end of the twelfth and thirteenth dynasties, the trade between Egypt and the south of Levant was fully revealed through the seal and pottery unearthed from Ashkron. Knokhotep's inscription on Dashur revealed Egypt's ties with the ancient kingdom's traditional trading partner Ba Buraas, which was reopened during the first intermediate period of Egypt and the early twelfth dynasty.
【作者单位】：东北师范大学世界古典文明史研究所;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金一般项目“新王国时期古代埃及经济文献整理研究”(编号:13BSS008)
【分类号】：K411.21

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