外来传染性疾病与北美早期族群关系的变动

发布时间：2018-12-26 06:56

【摘要】：外来传染性疾病是北美早期族群关系变动的重要参数之一。首先,它们导致印白关系开始朝着两个极端发展。一方面,土著传统政治权威的丧失,部落中更为年轻和激进的领导人开始重新考虑印白关系,对白人的敌视日益加剧。另一方面,随着疾病打击的加剧和殖民主义的推进,土著群体政治与经济依附性增强,很多印第安人部落开始依附于白人定居地。其次,疾病的传播和流行打破了印第安人群体之间原有的权力平衡,一些土著群体削弱乃至灭亡,有些土著群体则乘机崛起。最后,外来传染性疾病的传播和流行,也成为制约印第安人与白人政治与军事关系的重要因素,进而影响到北美大陆的殖民争夺和政治军事变动。
[Abstract]:Exotic infectious diseases are one of the important parameters in the change of population relationship in early North America. First, they led to two extremes of India-White relations. On the one hand, with the loss of indigenous traditional political authority, the younger and more radical leaders of the tribe began to reconsider the India-Belarus relationship, and their hostility towards whites was growing. On the other hand, with the intensification of the attack of disease and the advance of colonialism, the political and economic dependence of indigenous groups increased, and many Indian tribes began to cling to white settlements. Secondly, the spread and prevalence of the disease upset the original balance of power among the Indian groups, some aboriginal groups weakened or even perished, and some indigenous groups took advantage of the opportunity to rise. Finally, the spread and prevalence of foreign infectious diseases also became an important factor restricting the political and military relations between Indians and whites, and then affected the colonial struggle and political and military changes in the North American continent.
【作者单位】：南开大学;
【基金】：国家社科基金一般项目“传染性疾病与美国早期社会研究”(14BSS016) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“传染性疾病与美国早期社会”(NKZXA1409)
【分类号】：R-09;K71

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