印苏在1956年苏伊士运河危机中的政策及战略考量

发布时间：2019-03-20 10:52

【摘要】：1956年7月埃及总理纳赛尔为解决修建阿斯旺水坝费用,宣布将苏伊士运河收归国有,引起英法美等国的强烈不满,英法决定使用武力迫使纳赛尔放弃这一计划,遂以保护运河安全为由,于10月31日对埃及展开了猛烈的军事攻击,这就是著名的苏伊士运河危机,即第二次中东战争。自纳赛尔发表将苏伊士运河国有化声明后,印苏两国对此十分关注,并予以积极支持;当英法为控制苏伊士运河而侵略埃及时,印苏在各种场合对此侵略行径予以强烈声讨,苏联甚至以核攻击进行威慑。印苏在1956年苏伊士运河危机中的政策,其深层缘由皆是为本国的国家利益考量。对印度来说,主要是维护本国的政治利益和经济利益;对于苏联来说,支持纳赛尔政府的要求,不仅可以扩大苏联在第三世界的影响,而且还可以以"蛙跳"动作实现沙俄和苏联史上从未有过的对中东和非洲的影响,从而达到战略突围的目的。在美英等众多西方国家要求苏伊士运河国际化并把持联合国等极其不利于埃及的情况下,印苏两国对此问题的强硬态度无疑对保障埃及国家利益不受侵犯前提下妥善解决苏伊士运河危机起到了至关重要的作用。
[Abstract]:in July 1956, that Egyptian prime minister, Al-Nasser, declared that the Suez Canal was to be brought to the state and to the strong resentment of the countries such as France and the United States, and the British act decided to use force to force Nassir to give up the plan, so as to protect the canal from being safe, A fierce military attack on Egypt was launched on 31 October, a well-known Suez Canal crisis, the second Middle East war. After the declaration of the Suez Canal by Al-Nasser, the two countries are concerned and actively supported, and when the British law invaded Egypt for the control of the Suez Canal, the Soviet Union strongly condemned the acts of aggression in various occasions, and the Soviet Union had even had a nuclear attack to deter. Ingusto's policy in the Suez Canal crisis in 1956, the deep reason of which is the national interest of the country. in that case of the Soviet Union, it is not only possible to expand the influence of the Soviet Union in the third world, But also can realize the influence of the Russian and the Soviet Union in the history of the Russian and the Soviet Union on the Middle East and Africa, so as to achieve the purpose of strategic breakthrough. in that case of a large numb of Western states, such as the U. S. and U. S., that have called for the internationalization of the Suez canal and to hold the United nations and so on, The hard-line attitude of the two countries on this issue will undoubtedly play a vital role in the proper settlement of the Suez Canal crisis on the premise that the interests of the Egyptian State are not violated.
【作者单位】：遵义师范学院历史文化与旅游管理学院;
【分类号】：K512.5;K351.5

【共引文献】