叙事谜题:再论口述历史与心灵考古

发布时间：2018-04-04 06:33

本文选题：口述历史　切入点：个体记忆　出处：《西南大学学报(社会科学版)》2017年03期

【摘要】：说口述历史是新史料,甚或新史学,都不错,也非全对。口述历史是对个人记忆的采访记录和开发利用,问口述历史"是"什么,不如问个人记忆中"有"什么、采访人要"采"什么、受访人"说"什么。个人记忆里有生命知觉、成长经验、文化习得、专业知识和社会生活的百科全书,其中有史料或史学资讯,还有丰富的人文和社会科学信息资源。只不过,个人记忆的百科全书,通常是无分卷、无章节、无编目且内容混沌模糊、信息真伪难辨且多断简残篇,加之口述人由于社会压力、文化禁忌、隐私顾虑、知识局限、叙事习惯等多种原因,或不说,或少说,或敷衍了事,甚至言不由衷,采访及其所得都需要进行心灵考古研究。心灵考古需要心理学、传播学、语言学、叙事学、历史学、社会学、人类学及生理学知识技能,并回馈诸学科以丰富数据和信息,增进人性理解和人学(science of men)知识。口述历史之心灵考古,有巨大的探索空间。
[Abstract]:To say that oral history is new, or even new historiography, is good and not entirely true.Oral history is the recording and exploitation of personal memory. Ask what oral history is, ask what is in personal memory, what the interviewer should take and what the interviewee will say.Personal memory contains an encyclopedia of life perception, growth experience, cultural acquisition, professional knowledge and social life, including historical data or historical information, as well as abundant humanities and social science information resources.Only, the encyclopedia of personal memory, usually without any volume, no chapter, no cataloguing and fuzzy content, the authenticity of information is difficult to distinguish and many short pieces broken, and dictators are limited by social pressure, cultural taboos, privacy concerns, and knowledge limitations.Narrative habits and other reasons, or do not say, or say little, or perfunctory, or even insincere, interviews and their proceeds need to carry out psychological archaeological research.Psychological archaeology requires psychology, communication, linguistics, narratology, history, sociology, anthropology, and physiology, and feedback to various disciplines to enrich data and information, enhance human understanding and human science of knowledge.Oral history of spiritual archaeology, there is a huge space for exploration.
【作者单位】：中国电影资料馆;
【分类号】：K061

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