宋代史学精神与史论诗

发布时间：2018-04-23 18:47

本文选题：宋代 + 史学精神　；参考：《山东大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2012年03期

【摘要】：文史通融,富有历史学识的主体文化特征,使宋代士子可以把宋代的史学思想、精神渗透到史论诗的创作中。具体而言,受以史为鉴、探求治道的史学精神影响,宋代史论诗体现出强烈的史鉴意识,重视人在历史活动中的作用,尤其强调从君主角度探寻兴亡之因。注重史料选择,重在把握关系国家治乱兴衰、具有垂法训诫意义的事件与人物,题材选择具有典型性、趋同性。疑经辨伪、不拘成说的史学精神,使史论诗敢于怀疑传统经史之义,注重历史的细致辨析,表达己见,促成了翻案体的盛行。适应重建思想秩序的时代要求,伴随着新儒学的建构,宋代史学完成了指导思想的儒家化,以理观史成为宋代士子的着眼点,史论诗的内蕴也因此上升到哲学层面,体现出鲜明的历史哲学性质;多从义理角度评价人物,发明史义,在历史认知上有鲜明的道德化、义理化倾向;褒儒颂隐成为基本的题材倾向,特别是在探求义理时,始终以尊王为本,具有鲜明的正统意识,形成了强烈的褒贬之风。
[Abstract]:Literature and history are flexible and rich in historical knowledge of the main cultural characteristics, so that the Song Dynasty scholars can infiltrate the Song Dynasty's historical thoughts and spirit into the creation of historical poetry. Specifically, influenced by the historical spirit of learning from history and seeking to govern the Tao, the poetry of historical theory of the Song Dynasty embodies a strong consciousness of historical review, attaches importance to the role of human beings in historical activities, and especially emphasizes the exploration of the causes of rise and fall from the perspective of monarch. Focusing on the selection of historical materials, the emphasis is on grasping the events and characters with significance of law and admonition, and the choice of themes is typical and convergent. The spirit of historiography, which makes the historical poems dare to doubt the meaning of the traditional classics, pay attention to the detailed analysis of history and express their own views, has contributed to the prevalence of the style of turning over the case. Following the construction of Neo-Confucianism, the historiography of the Song Dynasty has completed the Confucianization of its guiding ideology, which has become the starting point of the scholars of the Song Dynasty, and the connotation of the poems on the history has thus risen to the philosophical level. It reflects the distinct nature of historical philosophy, evaluates figures from the perspective of justice and theory, invents historical meaning, has a distinct tendency of moralization and rationalism in historical cognition, and accolades Confucianism and concealment as a basic theme tendency, especially when it comes to seeking justice. Respect for the king has always been based, with a clear sense of orthodoxy, formed a strong wind of praise and derogation.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院文学研究所;鲁东大学文学院;
【基金】：2010年教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目(项目批准号10YJC751093) 山东省高校人文社会科学研究项目(项目编号J10WD05)“宋型文化视域下的宋代咏史诗研究”阶段性成果
【分类号】：I207.22;K092

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