说“关中本位政策”

发布时间：2019-01-10 15:37

【摘要】：陈寅恪先生1940年代提出的"关中本位政策"说,在西魏北周隋唐政治史研究方面有非常重大的意义。该说认为,西魏实施"关中本位政策",北周、隋及唐前期(开元以前)皆踪行之。西魏靠实施此政策而与东魏、梁朝抗衡,北周因实施此政策而灭北齐,而唐代三百年间统治阶级的变迁升降,即是宇文泰"关中本位政策"所鸠合集团的兴衰及其分化。岑仲勉、黄永年二先生乃"关中本位政策"说的主要批评者。岑先生认为,从唐太宗用人看,不存在"关中本位政策";黄先生则更进一步,认为隋炀帝用人已不显示有"关中本位政策"可言。实际上,岑、黄二先生的看法都是误解的结果,因为他们都是根据《唐代政治史述论稿》上篇的论述而作批评,没有疏通该书中篇及其他相关论著的论述。《唐代政治史述论稿》上篇的表述有欠精确,则是岑、黄二先生误解的根本原因。因此,仅从《唐代政治史述论稿》上篇的表述看,当认为岑、黄二先生的批评都有理;但从陈先生关于"关中本位政策"的系统论述看,则可说岑、黄二先生的批评都无理。
[Abstract]:The Guanzhong standard policy put forward by Chen Yinke in 1940s is of great significance in the study of the political history of Western Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui and Tang dynasties. According to this theory, the Western Wei Dynasty implemented the Guanzhong Standard Policy, both in the Northern Zhou Dynasty and in the early Sui and Tang dynasties (before Kaiyuan). The Western Wei Dynasty fought with the Eastern Wei Dynasty and the Liang Dynasty by implementing this policy, the Northern Zhou Dynasty eliminated the Northern Qi Dynasty because of the policy, and the vicissitude of the ruling class in the Tang Dynasty was the rise and fall and its differentiation of Yu Wentai's Guanzhong Standard Policy. Cen Zhongmian and Huang Yongnian are the main critics of Guanzhong Standard Policy. According to Mr. Cen, there was no "Guanzhong Standard Policy" from the perspective of Tang Taizong, while Mr. Huang went further, believing that the Sui Yang Emperor had no "Guanzhong Standard Policy" to speak of. In fact, the views of Mr. Cen and Mr. Huang are all the result of misunderstanding, because they are all criticized on the basis of the exposition in the previous article of the draft of the political History of the Tang Dynasty. There is no discussion of the book and other related works. The misrepresentation in the first part of the book is the root cause of the misunderstanding of Mr. Cen and Mr. Huang. Therefore, judging only from the statement in the first part of the draft of the political History of the Tang Dynasty, it should be considered that both Mr. Cen and Mr. Huang's criticism are reasonable, but from Mr. Chen's systematic discussion on the "Guanzhong Standard Policy", it can be said that Cen and Mr. Huang's criticism are all unreasonable.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院历史研究所;
【分类号】：K092

【共引文献】