中日两国历史学疑古思潮的比较

发布时间：2019-01-21 09:19

【摘要】：中日两国在史学发展的历程中,都出现过强劲的疑古思潮。中国自古史学遗产丰厚,疑古思想的发展也源远流长,至清代乾嘉时期,有崔述撰著《考信录》,学术成就粲然,对近代日本和中国的疑古学者都产生很大影响。日本明治维新时期,引进德国兰克的客观主义史学理念,结合中国传入的考据学方法,形成一股近代化的疑古思潮,发展至20世纪20～30年代,形成津田左右吉的"日本神代史抹杀论",中国在同一时期则出现顾颉刚为代表的古史辨派,引发一场学术论辩。由于中日两国具体国情、文化背景和国际政治形势的转变,日本的疑古思潮取得最终胜利,而中国的疑古思潮则被排斥、抑制而失败。分析这种截然不同的后果,可以得出必须清算"二重证据法"给历史学界造成的不良影响、必须确立历史学以求真、求是为第一准则等学术启示。
[Abstract]:In the course of the development of Chinese and Japanese historiography, there has been a strong trend of thinking about ancient times. China has a rich historical heritage since ancient times, and the development of the thought of doubting ancient times dates back to ancient times. In the Qianjia period of Qing Dynasty, Cui Shu wrote the Book of examination of Letters, and the academic achievements were amusing, which had a great influence on the scholars who suspected ancient times in modern Japan and China. During the Meiji Restoration period in Japan, the concept of objectivist historiography of Lancke, Germany, and the methods of textual research introduced from China formed a modern trend of thought of suspected ancient times, which developed into the 1920s and 1930s. In the same period, Gu Jiegang was represented by Gu Jiegang's school of ancient history, which led to an academic debate. Due to the change of China and Japan's specific national conditions, cultural background and international political situation, the trend of thinking about the ancient in Japan has won the final victory, while the trend of thinking about the ancient in China has been rejected, suppressed and failed. By analyzing the different consequences, we can draw the conclusion that the adverse influence caused by "double evidence Law" must be cleared, and the academic enlightenment of history should be established, such as seeking truth and seeking truth as the first criterion.
【作者单位】：南开大学历史学院;廊坊师范学院社会发展学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“中国、日本及朝、韩史学发展比较研究”(08JJD770097)
【分类号】：K092

【共引文献】