论徐枋对人物的评价

发布时间：2019-01-22 19:54

【摘要】：徐枋是清初著名的明遗民,他以坚守五十余载的遗民气节在遗民群体中享有很高的声誉。徐枋是一个酷爱史学的学者,入清后醉心于史学之中,期间著有几部史学著作,可惜大部分没能流传下来,但从他存世的《居易堂集》中仍可以探究其史学思想的部分内容。在他的文集之中有一些人物传记、寿序以及墓志铭等,其中包含徐枋对一些人物的评价的内容。本文通过对徐枋人物评价的梳理与分析,以期对他人物评价背后所反映出来的忠孝观能有更深入的认识。本文将《居易堂集》中徐枋评价的人物按身份分为三类,一类是以荆轲为代表的刺客侠士,徐枋主要赞扬了他们身上的忠义品质;一类是与徐枋相交往的明遗民,其中又按他们不同的身份分为业师、友人、遗民僧三类,这些人物都是与徐枋志同道合的良师益友,也是徐枋人物评价的主要对象,他们对徐枋忠孝思想的产生有很大的影响;另一类则是当时以孝行或贞节闻于世的孝子、贞女和节妇,从徐枋对他们的评价中也可以看出徐枋的孝道观与贞节观。通过对以上三类人物评价的分析可知,徐枋在评价这些人物时将重点放在对他们忠孝节义品质的褒扬上,这也是他人物评价的主要特点。而他之所以从忠孝节义的角度来评价这些人物,除了他们自身具备这样的品质外,还与徐枋坚守的忠孝观有很大关系。徐枋评价这些人物的目的正是要宣扬他们身上这些忠孝节义的品质,而这些在明清之际那个特殊的历史时期,对挽救世道人心有积极的意义。此外,通过对徐枋人物评价的分析,特别是对遗民评价的分析,对于了解那一时期遗民的价值观有一定帮助。
[Abstract]:Xu Fang is a famous Ming relic in the early Qing Dynasty. Xu Fang was a scholar who loved historiography very much. After entering the Qing Dynasty, he was obsessed with historiography. During that time, he wrote several historical works, but most of them could not be passed down, but some of his historical thoughts could still be explored from his collection of Juyi Tang. His collection includes biographies, prefaces and epitaph, including Xu Fang's comments on some of the characters. By combing and analyzing Xu Fang's character evaluation, this paper hopes to have a deeper understanding of the concept of loyalty and filial piety reflected behind his character evaluation. In this paper, Xu Fang is divided into three types according to his identity. One is the assassin who is represented by Jing Ke. Xu Fang mainly praised their loyalty and righteousness. One is the Ming adherents who interacted with Xu Fang, among whom, according to their different identities, they are divided into three categories: industry division, friends, and monks. These people are good mentors and friends who share Xu Fang's aspirations, and are also the main objects of Xu Fang's personages' evaluation. They have great influence on Xu Fang's thought of loyalty and filial piety; The other is filial son, virginity and virginity who were heard in the world at that time. From Xu Fang's evaluation of them, we can also see Xu Fang's view of filial piety and chastity. According to the analysis of the above three kinds of characters, Xu Fang puts emphasis on the praise of their loyalty and filial piety, which is the main characteristic of his character evaluation. The reason why he evaluates these characters from the angle of loyalty and filial piety is not only their own quality, but also the concept of loyalty and filial piety that Xu Fang adheres to. The purpose of Xu Fang's evaluation of these characters is to propagate the character of loyalty and filial piety in them, and these special historical periods during the Ming and Qing dynasties have a positive significance to save the hearts and minds of the world. In addition, the analysis of Xu Fang's character evaluation, especially the evaluation of the bereaved people, is helpful to understand the values of the survivors in that period.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K092

【参考文献】