维科历史观对马克思历史哲学的影响
发布时间：2019-05-18 09:39
【摘要】：维科与马克思的思想中存在着许多相似之处,这种相似性并非某种偶然的巧合,而是具有深刻的内在逻辑。想要从这些相似性中推导出维科历史观对马克思历史哲学所产生的影响,就必须从其中寻找出最鲜明和最独特的地方,然后进行分析,在这里有两点是与众不同的:那就是维科与马克思关于“历史知识”以及“阶级斗争”的理解。首先,维科与马克思都认同广义的历史知识才是真正的科学,维科通过“真理——创造”原则反对笛卡尔形而上学对历史领域的排斥,而马克思则是通过“现实性”原则对黑格尔形而上学以及费尔巴哈唯物主义进行了双重扬弃。其次,维科与马克思都认同阶级斗争推动历史发展的观点,在维科那里,阶级斗争潜藏在诗歌、神话传说等艺术创作中,与人类文明的发展史密不可分,而在马克思那里,维科为他提供了人类历史领域阶级斗争学说的合理前提,同时,马克思认为在自然科学领域,达尔文为他做了这方面的工作。当我们考察维科历史观与马克思历史哲学中的具体联系时,还必须将马克思对达尔文的理解对比起来。马克思无论是从理论的文本上,还是私人信件的阐述中,都将维科与达尔文置于同等重要的位置,但是他对两人却采取了不同的态度,对于前者,马克思鲜少提及却对其理论了如指掌、熟练运用,对于后者,马克思虽然与他人反复讨论,却只作出简略阐述。通过考察这种对比,我们可以肯定维科对马克思产生的影响,是比达尔文更早,也更深刻的。
[Abstract]:There are many similarities between Vico and Marx, which are not accidental coincidences, but have profound internal logic. In order to deduce the influence of Vico's view of history on Marx's philosophy of history from these similarities, we must find out the most distinctive and unique place from among them, and then analyze it. There are two things that are different here: Vico and Marx's understanding of "historical knowledge" and "class struggle". First of all, both Vico and Marx agree that the knowledge of history in a broad sense is the real science. Vico opposes the exclusion of Descartes metaphysics from the field of history through the principle of "truth-creation". Marx, on the other hand, gave up Hegelian metaphysics and Feuerbach materialism through the principle of "reality". Secondly, Vico and Marx both agree with the view that class struggle promotes the development of history. In Vico, class struggle lurks in poetry, myths and legends and other artistic creations, which is closely related to the development history of human civilization, while Marx has it. Vico provided him with a reasonable premise of the theory of class struggle in the field of human history, and Marx believed that Darwin did this work for him in the field of natural science. When we investigate the specific relationship between Vico's view of history and Marx's philosophy of history, we must also compare Marx's understanding of Darwin. Marx put Vico in the same important position as Darwin in both the theoretical text and the exposition of private letters, but he took a different attitude towards the two. For the former, Marx seldom mentioned but knew his theory as the back of his hand and skillfully used it. For the latter, although Marx discussed it repeatedly with others, he only made a brief exposition. By examining this comparison, we can be sure that Vico's influence on Marx is earlier and deeper than Darwin.
【学位授予单位】：吉首大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K01
本文编号：2479889
[Abstract]:There are many similarities between Vico and Marx, which are not accidental coincidences, but have profound internal logic. In order to deduce the influence of Vico's view of history on Marx's philosophy of history from these similarities, we must find out the most distinctive and unique place from among them, and then analyze it. There are two things that are different here: Vico and Marx's understanding of "historical knowledge" and "class struggle". First of all, both Vico and Marx agree that the knowledge of history in a broad sense is the real science. Vico opposes the exclusion of Descartes metaphysics from the field of history through the principle of "truth-creation". Marx, on the other hand, gave up Hegelian metaphysics and Feuerbach materialism through the principle of "reality". Secondly, Vico and Marx both agree with the view that class struggle promotes the development of history. In Vico, class struggle lurks in poetry, myths and legends and other artistic creations, which is closely related to the development history of human civilization, while Marx has it. Vico provided him with a reasonable premise of the theory of class struggle in the field of human history, and Marx believed that Darwin did this work for him in the field of natural science. When we investigate the specific relationship between Vico's view of history and Marx's philosophy of history, we must also compare Marx's understanding of Darwin. Marx put Vico in the same important position as Darwin in both the theoretical text and the exposition of private letters, but he took a different attitude towards the two. For the former, Marx seldom mentioned but knew his theory as the back of his hand and skillfully used it. For the latter, although Marx discussed it repeatedly with others, he only made a brief exposition. By examining this comparison, we can be sure that Vico's influence on Marx is earlier and deeper than Darwin.
【学位授予单位】：吉首大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K01
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