“亚太再平衡”战略下美国对日政策分析

发布时间：2018-02-02 23:43

本文关键词： 美国对日政策亚太再平衡 TPP 美日同盟安倍政权　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：美国的对日政策是影响东亚及东北亚地区安全的关键性变量,对日本政策调整也是美国政府推行“亚太再平衡”战略的重要一环。对于美国对日政策方向的理性分析、客观研判,有利于对亚太地区政治和安全形势的总体探究,有利于对美国战略布局予以精准把握,从而有助于厘清纷繁复杂的地区大国关系发展趋势,因而有着极其重要的政策和战略意义。奥巴马时期的美国对日政策的调整,是以“亚太再平衡”战略为依托的。美国寄希望于日本在该战略中发挥更大、更积极主动的作用,因而积极支持日本安全政策变革、打造日美防卫合作新体制;日本寄希望借助美国的再平衡战略迈向“普通国家”,因而也积极摆脱战后体制束缚,不断在安保法制上进行突破。美日政策的调整与互动,成为影响21世纪初东亚安全的最大、最敏感的问题。特朗普政权的上台,使美国的“亚太再平衡”战略和对日政策都面临新的挑战。“亚太再平衡”战略如何转变、对日政策如何调整的问题,又成为一个新的变数。总体上看,美国对日政策调整是一个不断变化的长期的问题,“再平衡战略”中的许多战略理念和战略诉求仍将影响特朗普的对日政策。有鉴于此,本文将着重分析奥巴马时期美国对日政策的调整,探究美国战略的动机、意图及其目标诉求,解析美日政策和战略互动的方式和态势,揭示美日战略契合背后的潜在动因和动力,从而对日美政策协调和冲突的本质及其影响做出评判。除绪论外,全文共分为四章,具体内容如下:第1章主要对“亚太再平衡”战略实施的动因、内容和手段进行了详细分析。美国的“亚太再平衡”战略,其根本目的是为了维护美国在亚太地区长而持久的主导地位,再者是为了防止、遏制中国在内的新兴大国的崛起对其地位造成的挑战,从而维持和稳定其霸主地位;第2章主要分析了“亚太再平衡”战略下美国对日政策调整的战略目标。主要包括美日对中国的战略定位、日本所扮演的战略角色。主要从安全、经济、和政治几个维度,分析美国对日政策调整的基本目标,明确美国再平衡战略的目标战略意图:巩固同盟关系,建立地区同盟安全机制、强化联盟的经济控制机制,制约中国的崛起。第3章主要分析民主党时期与安倍时期的美国对日本政策的调整。通过对两个阶段美国“亚太再平衡”战略下对日政策调整过程的分析,透视美国对日政策调整的具体方式和方法,透视美国使用软硬兼施方法对日施压和日本利用美国“外压”进行突破的具体举措。第4章主要分析了美国对日政策调整的战略走向,分析了美国对日政策调整的基本特征,评估了美国政策的战略效果,探析了美日互动的未来趋向。以此为基础,阐述了特朗普上台后对日政策的基本认识和主要措施,分析了特朗普政权可能采取的手段,并分析了今后美日关系的走向与影响。
[Abstract]:American policy towards Japan is the key variable that affects the security of East and Northeast Asia. The adjustment of Japan's policy is also an important part of the US government's strategy of "rebalancing the Asia-Pacific region." the rational analysis of the direction of the US policy toward Japan is objectively studied and judged. It is conducive to the overall exploration of the political and security situation in the Asia-Pacific region, to the precise grasp of the strategic layout of the United States, and thus to the clarification of the development trend of the complex regional great power relations. Therefore, it has extremely important policy and strategic significance. The adjustment of US policy toward Japan during Obama's period is based on the "Asia-Pacific rebalancing" strategy. The United States hopes that Japan will play a greater role in this strategy. More proactive role, so actively support Japan's security policy reform, to create a new system of Japan-US defense cooperation; Japan hopes that with the help of the rebalancing strategy of the United States, it will move towards "ordinary countries," and therefore, it will also actively shake off the post-war institutional shackles and continue to make breakthroughs in the security legal system, as well as the adjustment and interaction of the United States and Japan's policies. It became the biggest and most sensitive issue affecting security in East Asia in early 21th century. The Trump administration came to power. The question of how to change the "Asia-Pacific rebalancing" strategy and how to adjust its policy towards Japan has become a new variable, and on the whole, the U.S.'s "Asia-Pacific rebalancing" strategy and its policy toward Japan are facing new challenges. The adjustment of U.S. policy toward Japan is a long-term issue that is constantly changing, and many of the strategic concepts and demands of the "rebalancing Strategy" will still affect Trump's policy toward Japan. This paper will focus on the analysis of the adjustment of American policy toward Japan during the Obama period, explore the motive, intention and goal of American strategy, and analyze the way and situation of the interaction between American and Japanese policy and strategy. This paper reveals the potential motivation and motive force behind the US-Japan strategic fit, and then judges the essence and impact of Japan-US policy coordination and conflict. Apart from the introduction, the full text is divided into four chapters. The specific contents are as follows: chapter 1 mainly analyzes the motivation, content and means of the implementation of the "Asia-Pacific rebalancing" strategy, and the "Asia-Pacific rebalancing" strategy of the United States. Its fundamental purpose is to maintain the long and lasting dominant position of the United States in the Asia-Pacific region, and also to prevent and contain the challenges to its status posed by the rise of emerging powers such as China. In order to maintain and stabilize its hegemonic position; Chapter 2 mainly analyzes the strategic objectives of the adjustment of American policy toward Japan under the "Asia-Pacific rebalancing" strategy, mainly including the strategic positioning of the United States and Japan to China and the strategic role played by Japan, mainly from the perspective of security and economy. And several dimensions of politics, analyzes the basic objectives of the adjustment of American policy toward Japan, and clarifies the strategic intention of the rebalancing strategy of the United States: consolidating the alliance relationship and establishing the security mechanism of the regional alliance. Strengthen the economic control mechanism of the alliance. Chapter 3 mainly analyzes the adjustment of American policy toward Japan during the Democratic Party period and Abe's period. Through the analysis of the adjustment process of American policy toward Japan under the "Asia-Pacific rebalance" strategy of the United States in two stages. To examine the specific ways and methods of the adjustment of American policy toward Japan. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the strategic trend of the adjustment of American policy toward Japan, and analyzes the specific measures of the United States to use both soft and hard methods to exert pressure on Japan and Japan to make a breakthrough with the United States'"external pressure". This paper analyzes the basic characteristics of the adjustment of American policy toward Japan, evaluates the strategic effect of American policy, and probes into the future trend of US-Japan interaction. This paper expounds the basic understanding and main measures of Trump's policy toward Japan after he came to power, analyzes on the possible measures taken by Trump's administration, and analyzes the trend and influence of US-Japan relations in the future.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D871.2;D831.3

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