论德国经济对欧盟发展的推动及其影响趋势

发布时间：2018-02-04 00:40

本文关键词： 德国经济模式欧盟一体化公平效率　出处：《湘潭大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：欧洲自2010年陷入了主权债务危机以来，复杂的国际经济形势给欧盟一体化进程又一次蒙上了阴影。众所周知以往在欧盟一体化进程中，德国一直是以中流砥柱的形象出现，现在以欧债危机为背景，虽然德国同其他欧盟国家一样自身实力也遭受了损失，但是基于其经济基础的雄厚，整体损失不大，反而在众欧盟国家中凸显了其经济上的优势，以及彰显了其在欧盟决策中的重要性地位，不仅仅因为欧债危机的各项解除方案都离不开德国的赞助和支持，也因为欧盟经济制度中的德国印记，比如《里斯本条约》中规定欧盟经济制度为具有自由竞争性的社会市场经济，欧洲中央银行独立性构造对德国联邦中央银行的模仿，而欧债危机从现实角度告诉欧盟各国，尽管其擅于学习和借鉴德国优秀理念，但不如德国实施得有效率。德国社会市场经济特别注重在经济效率与社会公平之间的平衡，，即在充分肯定市场自由的前提下，也十分注重完善社会保障体系维护社会成员利益，既要保证市场尽最大可能创造出更多财富，也要保证社会成员的利益提高其积极性，以保证社会经济的良性发展与循环。以社会福利为代表的社会保障是促进社会公平的重要手段，当然，在维护社会经济效率方面，德国联邦中央银行独立于政府制定各项货币政策也为社会市场经济的有效运行创造了可能性。德国汽车行业领域就是社会市场经济中遵守公平与效率的典范。而欧盟虽然模仿了德国的这些制度，但把握不了公平与效率之间“度”的问题，不顾社会经济承受能力来增加社会福利使得市场经济的运行受阻，一系列福利病的滋生必然给市场效率带来压力，欧债危机从根本上来说就是公平与效率之间的失衡。既然《里斯本条约》规定了欧盟经济发展的方向以及欧洲中央银行也秉着独立性原则进行建构，那么现在真正要走出这次危机，借鉴具有同样制度建构的德国所积累的经验和接受德国的指引是具有合理性的。德国会不会成为未来欧盟具有魄力的领导者，以及能不能承担这种角色是需要予以全面估量的，一方面是德国社会的发展面临改革压力，另一方面是德国与欧盟之间的责任承担问题，但笔者认为，会不会在未来欧盟中付出更多领导力，关键在于从德国对欧洲债务危机的态度、立场和其行动来进行可能性推测。
[Abstract]:Since 2010, Europe has been in the sovereign debt crisis, the complex international economic situation has cast a shadow on the process of EU integration once again. Germany has always been the mainstay of the image, now in the context of the European debt crisis, although Germany and other European Union countries have suffered losses in their own strength, but based on its strong economic base. The overall loss is small, but it highlights its economic advantages in all EU countries, and highlights its importance in EU decision-making. Not only is the resolution of the European debt crisis inseparable from the sponsorship and support of Germany, but also because of the German imprint in the European Union's economic system. For example, the Lisbon Treaty stipulates that the European Union's economic system is a free and competitive social market economy, and the European Central Bank's independent structure imitates the German Federal Central Bank. And the European debt crisis tells EU countries from a realistic point of view that they are good at learning and learning from German ideas. German social market economy pays special attention to the balance between economic efficiency and social equity, that is, under the premise of fully affirming market freedom. Also pay great attention to improve the social security system to safeguard the interests of social members, not only to ensure that the market as much as possible to create more wealth, but also to ensure the interests of social members to improve their enthusiasm. Social security, represented by social welfare, is an important means to promote social equity, of course, in maintaining social and economic efficiency. The development of monetary policies by the Federal Central Bank of Germany, independent of the government, also creates the possibility for the effective operation of the social market economy. The German automobile industry is a model of the observance of fairness and efficiency in the social market economy. The EU has imitated these German systems. However, the problem of "degree" between fairness and efficiency can not be grasped, and the increase of social welfare to increase social welfare makes the operation of market economy blocked, and the breeding of a series of welfare diseases will inevitably bring pressure to market efficiency. The European debt crisis is fundamentally an imbalance between fairness and efficiency. Since the Lisbon Treaty sets out the direction of the European Union's economic development and the European Central Bank is building on the principle of independence. So now we really want to get out of this crisis, it is reasonable to learn from the experience accumulated by Germany with the same system construction and accept the guidance of Germany. On the one hand, the development of German society is facing the pressure of reform, on the other hand, the responsibility between Germany and the European Union is a problem, but the author thinks. Whether or not there will be more leadership in the EU in the future depends on speculating on the possibility of Germany's approach to the European debt crisis, its position and its actions.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D814.1

【参考文献】