论奥巴马政府中东政策之走向

发布时间：2018-02-14 02:48

本文关键词： 美国奥巴马中东政策均势外交　出处：《青岛大学》2010年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 中东地处欧亚非三大洲交接处,战略地位十分重要。中东地区是世界上矛盾最集中、最复杂,各种势力争夺最激烈、局部冲突或战争最多的热点地区。中东拥有丰富的能源资源,而能源供应和价格关系到各国经济的盛衰,这决定了中东地区在世界经济生活中享有特殊地位。中东地区的形势历来都被人们所关注。目前中东地区局势持续紧张和动荡,各种恐怖袭击和武力冲突还时有发生,中东地区局势动荡的原因错综复杂,有其深刻的历史和现实根源。而影响中东地区局势动荡的外部原因则主要是美国对中东的政策。美国是世界头号强国,在中东有重大利益和影响。美国的中东政策对中东局势产生决定性影响。冷战后,美国的霸权基础更为脆弱；海湾战争以来的美国中东政策偏离了均势外交的要求,转而寻求武力支配中东地区；伊拉克战争更暴露了美国全球战略的缺陷。美国中东政策的困境在于布什政府对美国传统均势外交的背离。奥巴马执政为美国中东政策重新布局提供了历史性机遇,新中东政策在当前美国的内政、外交中占有举足轻重的地位,备受世人关注。尽管它还没有最终成型,但从奥巴马的竞选言论和奥巴马政府要员公开发表的立场观点,以及新政府一段时间以来的施政实践中,我们已经可以看出奥巴马政府的新中东政策的总体框架和基本思路。未来美国中东政策将围绕重启均势外交作进一步调整。
[Abstract]:The Middle East is located at the junction of the three continents of Europe, Asia and Africa, and its strategic position is very important. The Middle East region is the most contradictory and complex region in the world, and all kinds of forces compete most intensely. The Middle East is rich in energy resources, and energy supply and prices have a bearing on the rise and fall of the economies of all countries. This determines that the Middle East region enjoys a special position in world economic life. The situation in the Middle East region has always been the focus of attention. At present, the situation in the Middle East region continues to be tense and volatile, and various kinds of terrorist attacks and armed conflicts still occur from time to time. The causes of the instability in the Middle East region are complicated and have profound historical and realistic roots. The external causes that affect the instability in the Middle East region are mainly the policy of the United States towards the Middle East. The United States is the world's number one power. America's Middle East policy has a decisive impact on the situation in the Middle East. After the Cold War, the hegemonic basis of the United States became more fragile, and the American Middle East policy since the Gulf War deviated from the requirement of balance of power diplomacy and sought to dominate the Middle East by force. The Iraq war also exposed the shortcomings of America's global strategy. The dilemma of American Middle East policy lies in the Bush administration's deviation from the traditional balance of power diplomacy. The Obama administration offers a historic opportunity for the reconfiguration of U.S. Middle East policy, which now holds a pivotal position in U.S. domestic and foreign affairs and has attracted worldwide attention, although it has not yet taken shape. But from Obama's campaign rhetoric and the public positions of the Obama administration's dignitaries, as well as from the practice of the new administration for some time, We can already see the overall framework and basic thinking of the Obama administration's new Middle East policy, which will be further adjusted around restarting balance of power diplomacy in the future.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D815.4

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