公众舆论对中国外交的影响

发布时间：2018-02-19 21:50

本文关键词： 公众舆论中国外交正面影响负面影响　出处：《上海外国语大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：公众舆论对国家外交行动能力、外交行为效能和外交决策会产生怎样的影响，是学术界和政策界一直研究的问题。但是，公众舆论和国家对外行为的研究主要集中于美国研究，即使部分著作关注中国视角，，也主要是谈论国内公众舆论的影响，对中国的外部舆论环境关注不够。本文尝试探析国内外公众舆论对中国外交的影响。公众舆论对外交行动能力、成效和决策的影响经历了一个从弱到强的过程。文章立论以哈贝马斯沟通行动理论和社会建构理论为基础，从国内公众舆论和国际公众舆论两个视域，分析其对中国外交行动能力、实践效果和决策的正面与负面影响。具体来讲，国内公众舆论对中国外交的正面影响表现在为中国外交提供强大的社会支持和广泛的认同基础，负面影响表现在影响国家对外经济合作和制约国家外交行为空间。国际公众舆论对中国外交的正面影响表现在肯定开放透明政策，认可当局应急能力；关注首脑外交风范，提升首脑国际声誉。负面影响表现在：损害中国国家形象，削弱中国外交成效；影响中外经济合作，增加中国外交挑战。为了提高中国外交的行动能力、实施效果和决策水平，加强信息公开、减少负面公众舆论，动员社会精英、理性引导公众舆论，开展公共外交、争取对象国的有利舆论是重要选择。研究公众舆论对于提高新形势下中国外交的行动能力和实施效果，优化外交资源的效用，为中国外交创造一个相对有利的内外部发展环境具有重要的理论和现实价值。
[Abstract]:The impact of public opinion on a country's ability to act in foreign affairs, on its effectiveness and on diplomatic decision-making is a question that has always been studied by academia and the policy community. However, the study of public opinion and the foreign behavior of the state is mainly focused on the United States. Even though some of the works focus on the Chinese perspective, they mainly talk about the influence of domestic public opinion. This paper tries to explore the influence of public opinion at home and abroad on China's diplomacy. The influence of effectiveness and decision-making has gone through a process from weak to strong. Based on Habermas' theory of communication action and social construction, this paper discusses the two perspectives of domestic and international public opinion. This paper analyzes the positive and negative influences on China's diplomatic ability, practical effect and decision-making. Specifically, the positive impact of domestic public opinion on China's diplomacy is manifested in providing strong social support and a broad identification basis for China's diplomacy. The negative effects are reflected in the influence on the foreign economic cooperation of the country and the restriction of the space for foreign diplomatic conduct. The positive impact of international public opinion on China's diplomacy is manifested in the affirmation of the open and transparent policy, the recognition of the authorities' emergency response ability, and the concern about the diplomatic style of the head of state. The negative effects are as follows: damaging China's national image, weakening China's diplomatic effectiveness, affecting Sino-foreign economic cooperation and increasing China's diplomatic challenges. In order to improve China's ability to act in diplomacy, to implement results and to make decisions, to enhance the publicity of information, to reduce negative public opinion, to mobilize the social elite, to guide public opinion rationally, and to carry out public diplomacy. It is an important choice to gain favorable public opinion in the target country. It is of great theoretical and practical value to study public opinion to improve the ability and effect of China's diplomacy under the new situation, to optimize the effectiveness of diplomatic resources, and to create a relatively favorable internal and external development environment for China's diplomacy.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D820

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