美国中东政策:开启空中干预时代

发布时间：2018-02-26 23:03

本文关键词： 中东政治美国外交美国中东政策奥巴马政府空中干预　出处：《西亚非洲》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：冷战期间,美国中东政策的主轴是离岸平衡,避免直接军事卷入;1991~2011年,美国在军事上和政治上直接、大规模介入中东事务,可称之为大规模干预政策;2011年后,美国在中东推出空中干预政策。空中干预政策介于大规模干预和离岸平衡之间,虽直接干预但规模不大,主要依靠军事存在的威慑、盟国的支持和外交协调,伴随小规模空中打击和特种部队地面协助,追求有限目标。空中干预政策是多种因素综合作用的产物,历史教训、全球战略调整、中东形势变化、奥巴马政府特性、美国国家利益变化等因素都发挥着程度不同的影响。美国对中东的空中干预政策已相对成型,特朗普上任后该政策实施的力度、时机和方式可能会微调,但发生根本转折的可能性不大。美国既不可能重回大规模干预时代,也难以再度实施离岸平衡。
[Abstract]:During the Cold War, the main axis of American Middle East policy was offshore balance, avoiding direct military involvement in 1991 ~ 2011. The United States directly and politically intervened in Middle East affairs on a large scale, which can be called large-scale intervention policy after 2011. The United States has launched an air intervention policy in the Middle East. The air intervention policy is between large-scale intervention and offshore balance. Although direct intervention is not large in scale, it relies mainly on deterrence of military presence, support from allies and diplomatic coordination. With small-scale air strikes and special forces ground assistance, the pursuit of limited targets. Air intervention policy is the product of a combination of factors, historical lessons, global strategic adjustments, changes in the Middle East situation, Obama administration characteristics, Factors such as changes in the national interests of the United States have played a different role. The United States' air intervention policy towards the Middle East has taken shape relatively, and the intensity, timing and manner of implementation of the policy may be fine-tuned when Trump takes office. But a fundamental turnaround is unlikely. The United States is unlikely to return to the era of massive intervention or rebalance offshore.
【作者单位】：中国现代国际关系研究院中东研究所;
【分类号】：D871.2

【相似文献】