冷战后俄罗斯朝鲜半岛政策研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 09:49

本文关键词： 俄罗斯朝鲜半岛平衡外交朝核立场　出处：《吉林大学》2011年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：俄罗斯作为东北亚地区的传统大国,在朝鲜半岛有着重要的地缘战略利益。在苏联时期,朝鲜半岛是美苏军事政治对抗的东方战线。以朝鲜半岛的三八线为界,形成了苏朝和美韩两个军事同盟的军事对峙。苏联解体,冷战结束后,东北亚地区国际格局和朝鲜半岛局势发生了重大变化。俄罗斯的朝鲜半岛政策也发生了重大调整。俄罗斯出于在东北亚的地缘政治、经济和安全利益,逐步确立了在朝鲜半岛北南平衡的外交政策。俄罗斯积极发展与韩国的关系,同时保持与朝鲜的睦邻友好关系。俄罗斯积极参加朝鲜核问题北京六方会谈,在缓和朝鲜半岛紧张局势,维护东北亚地区和平与稳定方面发挥着建设性作用。中俄两国在朝鲜半岛政策上有许多共同点。加强中俄两国在解决朝鲜半岛问题上的协调与合作,对于实现朝鲜半岛无核化,共同促进东北亚地区的和平与发展,将具有重要意义。本文运用地缘政治学和国际关系理论与方法,系统地研究了俄罗斯朝鲜半岛政策的发展和变化,深入地分析了俄罗斯与朝鲜和韩国的政治、经济和军事关系,对俄罗斯朝鲜半岛政策的特点和走向进行了评价和展望,并对如何加强中俄在朝鲜半岛问题上的协调与合作进行了探讨。全文共分为五章: 第一章:“俄罗斯朝鲜半岛政策的地缘政治分析”。本章主要是从地缘政治视角,分析了冷战后俄罗斯地缘政治的变化及其对朝鲜半岛政策的影响。俄罗斯是一个横跨欧亚大陆的国家,苏联解体后,俄罗斯的地缘政治中心出现东移,俄罗斯开始转向欧亚平衡的地缘战略。亚洲在俄罗斯地缘政治中的地位不断提升。俄罗斯亚洲政策的主要目标是为了维护其东部地区的地缘政治安全,促进俄罗斯远东地区社会经济的振兴。朝鲜半岛是俄罗斯的近邻,俄罗斯在朝鲜半岛具有重要的政治、经济和安全利益。由于复杂的历史和地缘政治因素,朝鲜半岛是东北亚地区大国战略利益交汇之处。这种地缘政治特征决定了朝鲜半岛是俄罗斯外交政策的重要方面,俄罗斯与朝鲜和韩国的关系成为其东北亚地区重要的国家关系。第二章:“俄罗斯对朝鲜半岛的外交政策”。本章从历史视角纵向地分析了冷战后俄罗斯对朝鲜半岛的外交政策。俄罗斯的朝鲜半岛政策经历了重大的调整,苏联时期实行的是亲朝疏韩政策,俄罗斯独立初期开始实行亲韩疏朝政策,90年代中期转向对朝鲜和韩国“北南平衡”的外交政策。俄罗斯与朝鲜废除了传统的军事同盟关系,在2000年签署的《俄朝友好、睦邻与合作条约》基础上建立了新型国家关系。俄罗斯积极发展与韩国的关系,确立战略伙伴关系。俄罗斯积极发展与朝鲜和韩国的政治、经济、军事关系,开展各领域的合作。俄罗斯在朝鲜半岛问题上,支持朝鲜半岛北南双方自主和平统一进程,坚持通过谈判和平解决朝鲜核问题,实现朝鲜半岛无核化,维护朝鲜半岛的和平与安全,实现东北亚地区的和平与稳定。第三章:“俄罗斯对朝鲜半岛的经济政策”。本章主要论述了俄罗斯与朝鲜和韩国的经济关系。俄罗斯对朝鲜的经济政策进行了重大调整,从苏联时期经济援助政策转向按市场经济原则发展两国经贸关系。俄罗斯与朝鲜的贸易和投资额比较少,但是,俄罗斯远东地区与朝鲜的经济合作显得十分活跃。俄罗斯与韩国的经贸关系不断发展,两国贸易额稳步快速地增长,韩国成为俄罗斯在亚洲的主要经济伙伴之一。俄罗斯一直积极推动俄、朝、韩三方的经济合作。俄罗斯计划把西伯利亚铁路与朝韩铁路相连接,形成贯通欧亚大陆的战略运输通道。与此同时,开辟一条从俄罗斯通向朝鲜和韩国的天然气管道,打开俄罗斯对朝鲜和韩国的天然气销售市场。俄罗斯与朝韩这两个领域的三方合作取得了一定进展,但是,还面临着严重的障碍,主要是受到朝鲜半岛安全局势的影响。第四章:“俄罗斯对朝鲜半岛的安全政策”。本章主要是论述了俄罗斯与朝鲜和韩国在军事安全领域的合作,研究了俄罗斯在朝鲜半岛南北统一和朝核问题上的原则立场。俄罗斯与朝鲜半岛山水相连,朝鲜半岛局势的紧张或冲突直接威胁到俄罗斯远东地区的和平与安全。俄罗斯积极发展与朝鲜和韩国军事交流,开展安全领域的对话与合作。俄罗斯积极参加朝鲜核问题北京六方会谈,为解决朝核问题开展外交协调与磋商。俄罗斯坚持朝鲜半岛无核化原则,认为北京六方会谈是解决朝核问题的唯一途径。第五章:“俄罗斯对朝鲜半岛政策的影响与走向”。本章对俄罗斯的朝鲜半岛政策进行了评价性分析,论述了俄罗斯朝鲜半岛政策的特点及其影响,对俄罗斯朝鲜半岛政策战略走向进行了预测性展望,对于中俄在解决朝鲜半岛问题上的协调与合作进行了探讨。俄罗斯朝鲜半岛政策具有北南平衡性特点。俄罗斯在维护朝鲜半岛和平与稳定,通过谈判和平解决朝鲜核问题方面,发挥了积极的建设性作用。俄罗斯将继续实行朝鲜半岛“北南平衡”的外交政策,积极参与解决朝鲜半岛问题,提高俄罗斯在朝鲜半岛事务和东北亚地区的影响力。中国和俄罗斯在朝鲜半岛政策上具有共同点,加强中俄在解决朝鲜半岛问题上的协调与合作,对于维护朝鲜半岛的和平与稳定,促进东北亚地区的和平与发展将具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:The Russian Northeast Asia as the traditional country, have important geo strategic interests in the Korean Peninsula. During the Soviet era, the Korean Peninsula is the Soviet military and political confrontation. The eastern front with the 38 line of the Korean Peninsula is bounded, the formation of the Soviet DPRK and South Korea two military alliance military confrontation. The disintegration of the Soviet Union, the cold war after the changes in the international situation in Northeast Asia and the Korean Peninsula. Russia's policy of the Korean Peninsula have undergone major changes. For Russia in Northeast Asia, the geopolitical, economic and security interests, and gradually established in the north and South Korean balanced foreign policy. Russia actively develop relations with South Korea, at the same time maintain friendly relations with North Korea. Russia actively participate in the Beijing six party talks on the Korean nuclear issue, to ease tensions on the Korean Peninsula and maintaining peace and stability in Northeast Asia Play a constructive role. China and Russia have many common points on the policy of the Korean Peninsula. China and Russia to strengthen bilateral coordination and cooperation in resolving the Korean Peninsula issue, to achieve the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, and jointly promote peace and development in Northeast Asia, will be of great significance. This paper uses the geopolitics and international relations theory and method and systematic study of the Russian Korean Peninsula Policy Changes and development, in-depth analysis of Russia and North Korea and South Korea's political, economic and military relations, characteristics and trend of Russian Korean Peninsula Policy is evaluated and prospected, and on how to strengthen bilateral coordination and cooperation on the Korean Peninsula are discussed.
The full text is divided into five chapters.
The first chapter: "geopolitical analysis" of Russia's Korean Peninsula Policy. This chapter is mainly from the perspective of geopolitics, analyzes the changes of Russian geopolitical politics after the cold war and its influence on the Korean Peninsula Policy. Russia is a transcontinental country, after the Soviet Union, Russia's geopolitical center appears eastward, Russia began to turn the Eurasian balanced geostrategic position in Asia. The Russian geopolitical rising. The main goal of Asia Russia's policy is to maintain its eastern Geopolitical Security, promote the revitalization of Russia far east area social economy. The Korean Peninsula is Russia's neighbors, Russia has important political and economic security on the Korean Peninsula. Interest. Because of the complicated historical and geopolitical factors, the Korean Peninsula is northeast Asia strategic interests to the intersection. The characteristics of border politics determine that the Korean Peninsula is an important aspect of Russian foreign policy. Russia's relationship with Korea and Korea has become an important national relationship in Northeast Asia.
The second chapter: "the Russian foreign policy on the Korean peninsula". This chapter from the perspective of history longitudinal analysis of Russia after the cold war on the Korean Peninsula, Russia's foreign policy. The policy of the Korean Peninsula has undergone a major adjustment, the Soviet Union is the implementation of Pro North Korean policy and Russia, at the beginning of the pro independence Han Shu Dynasty policy, mid 90s to North Korea and South Korea "North South balance" foreign policy. Russia and North Korea abolished the traditional military alliance signed in 2000: Russia and the DPRK friendly and good neighborly cooperation treaty > was established on the basis of the new type of relations between countries. Russia is actively developing relations with South Korea, the establishment of strategic partnership the development of Russia actively with North Korea and South Korea's political, economic and military relations, to carry out cooperation in various fields. Russia on the Korean Peninsula, the Korean peninsula north and south sides of independent peace In the process of unification, we must persist in resolving the Korean nuclear issue peacefully through negotiations, achieve the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, maintain peace and security on the Korean Peninsula, and achieve peace and stability in Northeast Asia.
The third chapter: "Russia on the Korean peninsula economic policy". This chapter mainly discusses the economic relations between Russia and North Korea and South Korea. Russia's economic policy on North Korea made a major adjustment to the development of market economy, according to the principle of bilateral economic and trade relations from economic aid policy of the Soviet era. Russia and North Korea's trade and investment comparison little, however, the economic cooperation between the Russian Far East and North Korea is very active. The continuous development of Russia and South Korea's economic and trade relations, bilateral trade is steady and rapid growth, South Korea has become one of the main economic partners of Russia in Asia. Russia has been actively promoting economic cooperation in Russia, South Korea three. Russia plans to Siberia railway and the railway is connected with the formation of transport channel through the Eurasia strategy. At the same time, open up a country from Russia to South Korea and North Korea Natural gas pipeline has opened Russia's sales of natural gas to North Korea and South Korea. Progress has been made in the three party cooperation between Russia and South Korea and the two areas. However, there are still serious obstacles that are mainly affected by the security situation on the Korean Peninsula.
The fourth chapter: "the Russian security policy on the Korean Peninsula. This chapter mainly discusses Russia and North Korea and South Korea in the field of military security cooperation on the Russian stance on the Korean Peninsula unified and the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula. Russia and the Korean Peninsula landscape, the Korean Peninsula tensions or conflicts of direct threat to the peace and security of the Russian Far East Russia. And the positive development of North and South Korean military exchanges, dialogue and cooperation in the field of security. Russia actively participate in the Beijing six party talks on the Korean nuclear issue, to resolve the nuclear issue to carry out diplomatic consultation and coordination in Russia. Adhere to the principle of denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, Beijing believes that the six party talks is the only way to solve the North Korean nuclear issue.
The fifth chapter: "Russia's influence on the Korean Peninsula Policy and trend". This chapter of the Russian Korean Peninsula Policy evaluation analysis, discusses the characteristics and the influence of Russia's Korean Peninsula Policy towards Russia, on the Korean Peninsula Policy Strategy for the prediction of the prospects for the Sino Russian coordination and cooperation in resolving the Korean Peninsula issue are discussed. The Russian policy of the Korean Peninsula has the North South balance. Russia in maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula through peaceful negotiations to resolve the North Korean nuclear issue, played a positive and constructive role in the Korean Peninsula. Russia will continue to implement the "North South balance" foreign policy, actively participate in the settlement of the Korean Peninsula. To improve the Russian influence in the affairs of the Korean Peninsula and Northeast Asia. China and Russia have something in common in the Korean Peninsula Policy, strengthen The coordination and cooperation between China and Russia in solving the Korean Peninsula issue will be significant for maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula and promoting peace and development in Northeast Asia.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D815.2

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