地方外交理论视角下的冲绳问题

发布时间：2018-03-10 14:56

本文选题：冲绳　切入点：基地问题　出处：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：对次国家政府的研究兴起于上世纪八十年代后期,人们开始关注国际舞台上非主权国家因素对外交产生的影响。地方政府作为非主权国家因素中重要的一员,开始被学者重视,相关研究也越来越多。日本的国家结构形式是单一制,同时实行地方自治制度,地方政府在宪法赋予一定权力的基础上,能够对一定范围内的公共政策进行决策和管理。冲绳县因其自身的地理位置,在日本的外交政策中扮演特殊的角色。1945年日本法西斯政权为了争取本土防御时间,在冲绳展开了太平洋战中最血腥的冲绳战役,日本战败之后,冲绳交由美军进行军事托管,成为美军的军事基地。1972年5月15日,美国将冲绳的主权交还给日本,但仍有37处基地在美军的掌控之下,冲绳县以占日本国土总面积0.6%的土地承担了美军驻日基地总面积的75%,这远远超过了日本其他任何地方的比重,冲绳县为日本的外交政策作出了巨大的牺牲。冲绳县政府在冲绳人民的支持下开始为维护自身的利益进行活动。本文主要研究的是作为地方政府的冲绳县在美军基地问题上与日本中央政府存在的分歧,以及冲绳怎样以地方政府的身份在日本宪法及法律的许可范围内,通过努力来维护自身的利益。文章得出的结论会对我们研究外交活动中出现的类似现象提供相应的应对经验。本文主要分为三个部分:第一部分主要阐述日本地方外交得以实行的依据,这既包括地方外交行为的理论依据,也有地方实施外交行为的法律基础。第二部分是本文的主体部分,主要讲冲绳美军基地问题引发出来的冲绳县政府与日本政府在对外交往层面的冲突,这些冲突,有的已经对日本的国家安全产生了影响。国家安全利益与地方利益产生冲突时应该如何妥善处理才能达到双赢的效果,这是文章要深入探索的问题。第三部分主要讲通过冲绳县的地方外交行为的影响。国际社会不断发展,外交领域的参与者已经不仅仅局限于主权国家,尽管非主权国家产生的效果有限,但为国际关系领域注入了新的动力。
[Abstract]:In -20s, people began to pay attention to the influence of non-sovereign state factors on diplomacy on the international stage. As an important member of non-sovereign state factors, local governments began to be attached importance to by scholars. There are more and more relevant studies. The form of national structure in Japan is a single system, and at the same time the local autonomy system is implemented. Local governments have certain powers on the basis of the constitution. Able to make and manage public policies to a certain extent. Okinawa Prefecture plays a special role in Japan's foreign policy because of its geographical location. In 1945, the Japanese fascist regime fought for time to defend itself. In Okinawa, the bloodiest battle of Okinawa in the Pacific War, after Japan's defeat, Okinawa was placed under US military custody and became a US military base. In May 15th 1972, the United States handed over sovereignty over Okinawa to Japan. However, there are still 37 bases under the control of the US military. Okinawa prefecture has assumed 75 percent of the total area of the US bases in Japan with 0.6% of Japan's total land area, which far exceeds the proportion of any other place in Japan. Okinawa prefecture has made great sacrifices for Japanese foreign policy. The Okinawa prefecture government, supported by the Okinawa people, began to carry out activities to safeguard its own interests. This paper mainly studies Okinawa prefecture as a local government in the u. S. Military. Differences between the base issue and Japan's central government, And how Okinawa can act as a local government to the extent permitted by Japan's Constitution and laws, The conclusion of this paper will provide corresponding experience for us to study the similar phenomena in diplomatic activities. This paper is divided into three parts: the first part mainly expounds Japan. The basis for the implementation of Fang's diplomacy, This includes not only the theoretical basis of local diplomatic acts, but also the legal basis of local diplomatic acts. The second part is the main part of this article. We mainly talk about the conflict between the Okinawa prefecture government and the Japanese government at the level of external relations, which is triggered by the issue of the US military base in Okinawa. Some have had an impact on Japan's national security. How to properly handle the conflict between national security interests and local interests in order to achieve a win-win effect? This is a question to be explored in depth. The third part mainly talks about the influence of the local diplomatic acts in Okinawa prefecture. The international community is constantly developing, and the participants in the diplomatic field are no longer limited to sovereign states. Although the effects of non-sovereign states are limited, they inject new impetus into the field of international relations.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D831.3

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