1949年刘少奇访苏研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 19:47

本文选题：刘少奇　切入点：苏联　出处：《天津大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：新中国成立前后中苏同盟的建立，既是中国共产党人的必然选择，又反映出双方的利益纠葛。结成这一同盟的基础、目标和条件错综复杂地交织在一起，，主要体现在如何处理对美国的政策以及怎样解决各自的实际利益这两个方面。在这两个方面，既存在着中苏同盟得以建立的基础和目标，又隐含着中苏同盟产生矛盾和分歧的条件。为期两个月的刘少奇访问莫斯科是新中国成立前夕中共采取的最重大的外交举措。中共代表团出访的目的非常明确，就是通过双方高级领导人的会晤，直接向斯大林表明中共在国内外重大问题上的立场，以此加强与苏联的关系，为中苏的正式结盟奠定基础。访问期间，双方就中共推行的政治和经济战略达成了一致意见。两国结盟不仅缘于军事上的合作，而且很大程度上取决于经济上的诉求。访问在军事结盟、经济援助等方面取得重大进展，但没有解决中苏之间在解放台湾、承认蒙古独立、中长铁路等关系国家和民族利益冲突方面的一些敏感问题。刘少奇访苏，解决的最重要的问题是中苏两党之间基本信任感的建立以及搭建了中苏同盟的基本框架。进一步加深了两党之间的了解,最大限度地化解了中苏两党之间的历史隔阂,并为中苏两国结盟作了必要准备,为新中国有计划的、大规模的经济建设争取到了有力外援，对新中国的发展产生了深远影响。如果说此前米高扬访问西柏坡实现了第一次最高层接触，那么，刘少奇在苏联的访问确定了双方走向联盟的方向，为此后毛泽东访苏并正式签约结盟搭建了共识的平台。从这个意义上说，刘少奇访苏的成功标志着中苏结盟正式形成的起始。
[Abstract]:The establishment of the Sino-Soviet alliance before and after the founding of New China is not only an inevitable choice for the Chinese Communists, but also reflects the interests of both sides. It is mainly reflected in the two aspects of how to deal with the policy towards the United States and how to solve the actual interests of each other. In these two aspects, there exists the foundation and goal for the establishment of the Sino-Soviet alliance. There are also implied conditions under which the Sino-Soviet alliance produces contradictions and differences. Liu Shaoqi's visit to Moscow for two months is the most significant diplomatic initiative taken by the CPC on the eve of the founding of New China. The purpose of the Chinese delegation's visit is very clear, that is, through a meeting of senior leaders of the two sides. In order to strengthen the relations with the Soviet Union and lay the foundation for the formal alliance between China and the Soviet Union, the Chinese Communists directly expressed to Stalin their positions on major issues at home and abroad. During the visit, the two sides reached agreement on the political and economic strategy pursued by the CPC. The alliance between the two countries is not only based on military cooperation, but also largely depends on economic demands. Significant progress has been made in economic assistance, but some sensitive issues concerning the liberation of Taiwan, recognition of Mongolia's independence, and the Sino-Chinese railway and other conflicts of interest between China and the Soviet Union have not been resolved. When Liu Shaoqi visited the Soviet Union, the most important issues resolved were the establishment of the basic trust between China and the Soviet Union and the establishment of the basic framework of the Sino-Soviet alliance. It further deepened the understanding between the two parties. The historical gap between the two parties was resolved to the maximum extent, and necessary preparations were made for the alliance between China and the Soviet Union, and for the planned and large-scale economic construction of New China, they won strong foreign aid. It has had a profound impact on the development of New China. If it was said that the first high-level contacts had been achieved by Migawa's visit to Xibaipo before that, Liu Shaoqi's visit to the Soviet Union set the direction for the two sides to move towards an alliance. In this sense, the success of Liu Shaoqi's visit to the Soviet Union marks the beginning of the formal formation of the alliance between China and the Soviet Union.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D829

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