试论小布什政府中亚能源战略及影响

发布时间：2018-03-12 22:20

本文选题：美国　切入点：小布什政府　出处：《河南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：小布什总统上台伊始，即把确保美国的能源供应安全，并实现进口渠道的多元化为其执政的优先目标之一。从2001年5月国家能源政策研究小组提交的《国家能源政策》报告中可知，为达到控制世界油气资源主要产区的目的，中亚-里海地区是美国一开始就选定的重点目标。之后不久发生的“9·11”事件，给美国强势进入中亚地区，大力介入该地区油气领域创造了良好契机。小布什政府在对国际国内环境进行综合分析的基础上，为实现美国在中亚的能源利益，其进一步确定了中亚能源战略目标，由此小布什政府从军事、政治和经济等多方面入手，选择并不断的调整相应的战略实施手段。由于中亚地区特殊的地理位置再加上丰富的能源资源，世界及周边大国都纷纷加入到该地区的角逐之中，所以美国在中亚实施其能源战略必定会对相关国家产生影响。本文即以小布什政府时期的中亚能源战略为研究对象，从战略的视角出发，对其战略的制定背景、战略目标的确定、战略措施的选择以及对相关国家产生的影响，进行分析梳理：第一部分为绪论，提出本文的研究主题——小布什政府的中亚能源战略。说明了其研究的目的和意义；较全面的介绍了国内外在该领域的研究现状；并对相关概念进行了界定；还进一步阐述了本文所采用的研究方法和可能的创新之处。第二部分主要分析小布什政府中亚能源战略提出的背景。从国际国内两方面的因素进行分析：世界新兴经济体对能源需求量的剧增,以及小布什政府执政伊始即面对的国内能源危机，这些因素对保障美国能源安全、实现进口渠道多元化的目标都形成了巨大压力。第三部分论述了小布什政府确定中亚能源战略的两大目标——能源供应安全的保障和能源地缘政治的考量。中亚-里海地区丰富的油气储量以及开发较晚且出口潜力巨大的现实，可以成为美国21世纪油气资源储备基地之一；另外，，中亚特殊的地理位置以及能源管道走向的竞争，使美国不得不考虑该地区能源地缘政治的现实。第四部分阐述了小布什政府中亚能源战略实施方式的选择。“9·11”事件的发生给美国强势参与中亚能源领域提供了一个良机——在反恐战争的名义下，美国实现了在中亚多国的驻军，这从军事上保障了美国在该地区能源利益的实现。由此，美国逐步加强了在军事存在、民主推广和经贸联系三方面的努力，但这三种措施的实施却各有成败。第五部分分析了小布什政府中亚能源战略所产生的影响。本文主要选取了对美国、中亚国家，及周边大国俄罗斯和中国所产生的影响，这些影响总体看来对各国有大小正负之分。第六部分是结论，对小布什政府中亚能源战略进行评析和总结。
[Abstract]:When President George W. Bush came to power, that is, to ensure the security of the energy supply in the United States, From the National Energy Policy report submitted by the National Energy Policy Research Group in May 2001, we can see that in order to control the major oil and gas resource producing areas in the world, The Central Asian-Caspian Sea region was a key target chosen by the United States from the beginning. The "9 / 11" incident that occurred shortly afterwards gave the United States a strong entry into Central Asia. Vigorous involvement in the oil and gas field in the region has created a good opportunity. On the basis of a comprehensive analysis of the international and domestic environment, the Bush administration, in order to realize the energy interests of the United States in Central Asia, further determined the energy strategic objectives for Central Asia. Thus, the Bush administration began from military, political, and economic aspects, choosing and constantly adjusting the corresponding means of strategic implementation. Because of the special geographical location of Central Asia and the rich energy resources, The world and its neighboring powers have joined the competition in the region, so the United States' implementation of its energy strategy in Central Asia is bound to have an impact on the countries concerned. This article takes the Central Asia energy strategy of Bush administration as the research object, from the strategic angle of view, to its strategy formulation background, the strategic goal determination, the strategic measure choice and the influence to the related country. Analysis:. The first part is the introduction, which puts forward the research theme of this paper-the Central Asian energy strategy of Bush administration. It explains the purpose and significance of the research, introduces the domestic and foreign research status in this field, and defines the related concepts. Furthermore, the research methods and possible innovations of this paper are expounded. The second part mainly analyzes the background of the Bush administration's energy strategy in Central Asia. As well as the domestic energy crisis faced by the Bush administration at the beginning of its administration, these factors have exerted great pressure on the protection of American energy security and the realization of the goal of diversification of import channels. The third part discusses the two major objectives of the Bush administration in determining the energy strategy for Central Asia: the security of energy supply and the consideration of energy geopolitics. The rich oil and gas reserves of the Central Asian-Caspian Sea region and its late development and export are discussed in the third part. The reality of great potential, In 21th century, the United States could become one of the oil and gas reserve bases; in addition, the special geographical location of Central Asia and the competition of the energy pipeline made the United States have to consider the reality of energy geopolitics in the region. The 4th part expounds the choice of the implementation mode of the Bush administration's energy strategy in Central Asia. The "9 路11" incident provided a good opportunity for the United States to participate strongly in the energy field in Central Asia-under the name of the war on terror, the United States realized its garrison in many countries in Central Asia. This militarily guarantees the realization of the energy interests of the United States in the region. As a result, the United States has gradually strengthened its efforts in the areas of military presence, democratic promotion and economic and trade ties, but the implementation of these three measures has its own success or failure. The 5th part analyzes the influence of the Bush administration's energy strategy in Central Asia. This paper mainly selects the influence on the United States, the Central Asian countries, and the neighboring powers Russia and China. These effects generally appear to be positive or negative for all countries. The 6th part is the conclusion, the analysis and summary of the Bush administration's energy strategy in Central Asia.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2

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