中国核外交政策研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 04:03

本文选题：核外交　切入点：核讹诈　出处：《湖南师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：2007年元旦,人们享受着新年伊始的欢乐,开始憧憬新一年赚取更多的财富时,美国原子能科学家协会却打破了这种欢乐的气氛。他们在越洋联合发布会上宣布,把世界上最令人不安的计时器——世界末日时钟①——的指针拨到23时55分,这意味着这是迄今为止距离人类文明被毁灭的最近的一次。50多年前,美国和苏联先后进行了原子弹爆炸,整个世界都被原子弹巨大的威力给震惊了,同时也由此揭开了各国核外交政策运用的序幕。论文第一章通过分析当今全球核态势以及美、俄、朝三个国家核外交政策的内容与特点,为后文深入探讨中国核外交政策奠定了基础。论文第二章主要详细阐述了中国核外交政策的形成及主要内容,中国核外交政策形成的背景主要有：一是,二战后世界各主要国家均开始大力发展核武器,尤其是美苏之间的核军备竞赛,全球核态势趋于白热化竞争状态；二是,几乎在整个20世纪50年代和60年代,新中国都被迫在超级大国的军事威胁下艰难的谋求自身生存和发展；三是,中国核威慑思想与核威慑政策的发展与确立。同时,中国核外交政策的形成主要经历了三个阶段：首先是核威慑思想的初步形成；其次是核威慑思想与核威慑政策的正式确立；再者是中国成为推进全球核安全的可靠力量。接着文章在第三章着重论述中国核外交政策的主要内容和特点,即中国的核外交政策是纯粹的防御、自卫性的,和平外交政策,其基本特点是有威慑无威胁,其次中国的核外交政策体现了全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器的最终目的。最后文章着眼于从军事、政治、外交三方面分析中国核外交政策对自身及国际社会产生的深远影响。军事上,以威慑为基本内容,有效地发挥了慑止他国对中国发动核打击,起到了维护国家主权、领土完整的重要作用。政治上,以和平外交为内涵的核外交政策,体现了中国负责任泱泱大国的形象,为其他国家树立了良好的榜样。外交上,作为公平正义的第三方力量的介入,有效促进了国际社会采取和平、谈话的手段处理国际核问题,推进了国际核军控与核裁军的进程,起到了对有核国家的制衡以及对企图发展核武器国家的有效制约作用。
[Abstract]:New Year's Day in 2007, when people enjoyed the joy of the beginning of the new year and began to dream of making more money in the new year, the American Association of Atomic Energy scientists broke the atmosphere of joy. They announced at a joint press conference across the ocean. By turning the hands of the world's most disturbing timer, the Doomsday clock 1, to 23:55, this means that this is the most recent atomic bomb to date, more than 50 years after the atomic bombings of the United States and the Soviet Union. The world was shocked by the prodigious power of the atomic bomb and the prelude to the use of nuclear foreign policy. In the first chapter of the paper, we analyze the current global nuclear situation and the contents and characteristics of the nuclear foreign policies of the United States, Russia and North Korea. In the second chapter, the formation and main contents of China's nuclear foreign policy are elaborated in detail. The background of the formation of China's nuclear foreign policy is as follows: first, After World War II, major countries in the world began to vigorously develop nuclear weapons, especially the nuclear arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union. New China was forced to struggle for its own survival and development under the military threat of the superpower. Third, the development and establishment of China's nuclear deterrence ideology and policy. At the same time, The formation of China's nuclear foreign policy has experienced three stages: first, the initial formation of nuclear deterrence, secondly, the formal establishment of nuclear deterrence and nuclear deterrence policy. Moreover, China has become a reliable force in promoting global nuclear security. In chapter three, the article focuses on the main contents and characteristics of China's nuclear foreign policy, that is, China's nuclear foreign policy is purely defensive, self-defensive, and peaceful foreign policy. Second, China's nuclear foreign policy embodies the ultimate goal of the total prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons. Finally, the article focuses on analyzing the profound influence of China's nuclear foreign policy on itself and the international community from three aspects: military, political, and diplomatic. In military terms, deterrence is the basic content and has effectively deterred other countries from launching nuclear strikes against China. It has played an important role in safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial integrity. Politically, the nuclear foreign policy with the connotation of peaceful diplomacy reflects the image of China as a responsible and great country and sets a good example for other countries. As a fair and just third party force, the intervention of the international community has effectively promoted the international community to adopt peaceful and talkative means to deal with the international nuclear issue and to advance the process of international nuclear arms control and nuclear disarmament. They act as checks and balances on nuclear states and effective constraints on attempts to develop nuclear weapon states.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D820;D815.2

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