2009年以来澳大利亚南海政策研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 21:47

本文选题：澳大利亚　切入点：南海政策　出处：《郑州大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪50年代,随着《澳新美安全条约》的签订,澳大利亚成为美国的政治和军事盟友。冷战期间,澳大利亚支持美国与苏联在南海地区进行争霸,频繁参与美国在南海海域举行大规模军事演习,成为美国入侵南海的得力助手。20世纪70年代后,澳大利亚开始“面向亚洲”,努力发展澳亚关系,不断改善自身的国际环境。冷战结束后,澳大利亚在加强澳美同盟的同时,不断提升自身的国防建设水平和国际影响力,努力在各种国际场合及争端中发挥自身“中等强国”的作用。由于紧邻东南亚地区,澳大利亚密切关注与其国家利益息息相关的南海问题。自美国宣布“重返亚太”以来,澳大利亚开始不断介入其中。澳大利亚南海政策的主要内容是:澳大利亚积极介入南海问题,对南海主权争端不选边站;澳大利亚主张依据国际法,通过建立多方协商机制,和平解决南海争端,强烈反对单方面改变现状的行为;澳大利亚密切关注南海航行自由并不断强调与其国家安全的相关性,试图借南海问题提升自身的国际影响力;澳大利亚积极巩固澳美同盟,支持美国持续介入南海事务,并不断加强自身的国防力量建设以配合美国的立场和行动;澳大利亚还积极发展同印太周边国家的军事关系,联合日、印等国对中国崛起进行防范,同时,澳大利亚不想在南海问题上激怒中国,以免危及两国关系及自身的经济利益。在南海问题上,澳大利亚有平衡中美各方势力以从中获利的政策趋向。澳大利亚介入南海争端与其在南海地区的国家利益密不可分,亦深受近年来美国重返亚太与澳美同盟深化的影响,同时还与中国崛起的态势和中美关系的发展密切相关。澳大利亚南海政策实施以来,对南海地区以及亚太安全格局的走势产生了一定的影响,同时还深深影响了中澳关系的正常发展,给南海问题的解决带来新的不确定性因素。面对这种情况,中国应妥善处理与澳大利亚、美国以及南海有关声索国的关系,努力控制、减弱澳大利亚的介入所带来的消极影响,推进中澳关系向前发展。
[Abstract]:In the 1950 s, Australia became a political and military ally of the United States with the signing of the ANZ-US Security Treaty.During the Cold War, Australia supported the United States and the Soviet Union in their struggle for hegemony in the South China Sea and frequently participated in large-scale military exercises held by the United States in the waters of the South China Sea. Australia became the right assistant for the United States to invade the South China Sea after the 1970s.Australia began to "Asia-oriented", strive to develop Australia-Asia relations, constantly improve its own international environment.After the end of the Cold War, Australia, while strengthening the alliance between Australia and the United States, constantly raised its level of national defense construction and international influence, and endeavoured to play its role as a "medium power" in various international occasions and disputes.Because of its proximity to Southeast Asia, Australia pays close attention to the South China Sea, which is closely related to its national interests.Australia has been getting involved since the US announced its return to the Asia Pacific.The main contents of Australia's South China Sea policy are as follows: Australia is actively involved in the South China Sea issue and does not choose sides for sovereignty disputes in the South China Sea; Australia stands for the peaceful settlement of South China Sea disputes through the establishment of a multi-party consultation mechanism in accordance with international law.Strongly opposed to unilateral changes in the status quo; Australia has closely followed freedom of navigation in the South China Sea and constantly stressed its relevance to its national security in an attempt to enhance its international influence on the issue of the South China Sea; Australia has actively consolidated its alliance with the United States,Supporting the continued involvement of the United States in the affairs of the South China Sea, and constantly strengthening its national defense forces to tie in with the position and actions of the United States. Australia has also actively developed military relations with neighboring countries in India and Pacific countries, and has joined forces on a joint day.Countries such as India are defending against China's rise, while Australia does not want to provoke China over the South China Sea, lest the relationship and its own economic interests be jeopardized.On the South China Sea issue, Australia has a policy trend of balancing Chinese and American forces in order to profit from it.Australia's involvement in the dispute in the South China Sea is closely related to its national interests in the South China Sea. It is also deeply influenced by the return of the United States to the Asia-Pacific region and the deepening of the Australia-US alliance in recent years. At the same time, it is closely related to the rise of China and the development of Sino-US relations.Since the implementation of Australia's South China Sea policy, it has had a certain impact on the trend of the security pattern in the South China Sea and the Asia-Pacific region. At the same time, it has also deeply affected the normal development of Sino-Australian relations and brought new uncertainties to the solution of the South China Sea problem.In the face of this situation, China should properly handle its relations with Australia, the United States and the South China Sea, strive to control and mitigate the negative impact of Australia's intervention, and push forward the development of Sino-Australian relations.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D861.1

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