西方核安全政策研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 04:01

本文选题：核能　切入点：核安全　出处：《上海交通大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：因为能源的渐趋紧张,开发和利用核能己成为当今社会经济发展的一个重要方面。纵观核能的发展历史,核安全问题向来是民众最为关注的问题。在二十一世纪,随着中国经济发展加速,能源耗费巨大,为满足经济和社会发展对能源日益增长的需求,以及缓解对国外能源依赖度过高的局面,中国制定了大力发展核能的政策,从而也引起全国人民对于核安全问题的密切关注。确保核能利用的安全是一项系统性的工作,它要求我们广泛采取法律、教育、科技等手段。政策作为调整人和人之间相互关系的一种社会规范,具有特殊的作用。深入加强对国际与国外的核安全政策的研究,对于保障我国核能安全以及完善我国环境保护法律体系,具有非常重要的理论和实践意义。文章理论联系实际,在全面归纳与总结核安全领域国际法和国内法的基础上,概述了核安全国际法律制度及我国核安全立法的特点,并指出不足之处与完善途径。核能指的是原子结构发生变化时所释放的能量,核能的开发和利用包括军用与民用,其安全问题主要表现在于核能利用过程中的核辐射及核废料对环境的危害影响。国际核能安全立法包括管理放射性废物的国际公约、核事故应急安全管理的国际公约、国际核损害法律责任的公约以及禁止和限制核武器的国际条约等。国外相关国家的核能安全立法已经较为完善。我国核安全政策存在体系结构不完善的缺陷,论文从完善立法结构等方面对完善我国核安全政策提出了具体建议。
[Abstract]:Because of the increasingly tense energy, the development and use of nuclear energy has become an important aspect of social and economic development.Throughout the history of nuclear energy development, nuclear safety has always been the most concerned by the public.In the 21 century, as China's economic development accelerated, energy consumption was enormous. In order to meet the growing demand for energy for economic and social development, and to alleviate the situation of excessive dependence on foreign energy,China has formulated a policy of vigorously developing nuclear energy, which has aroused the people's close attention to the issue of nuclear safety.Ensuring the safe use of nuclear energy is a systematic work that requires a wide range of legal, educational, technological and other means.As a kind of social norm that adjusts the relationship between people and people, policy plays a special role.It is of great theoretical and practical significance to further strengthen the research on international and foreign nuclear safety policies in order to ensure the safety of nuclear energy in China and to perfect the legal system of environmental protection in China.On the basis of summing up international law and domestic law in the field of nuclear safety, this paper summarizes the characteristics of international legal system on nuclear safety and the legislation of nuclear safety in China, and points out the shortcomings and the ways to perfect it.Nuclear energy refers to the energy released when the atomic structure changes. The development and utilization of nuclear energy include military and civil. Its safety problems mainly lie in the harmful effects of nuclear radiation and nuclear waste on the environment in the process of nuclear energy utilization.International nuclear energy safety legislation includes the international convention on the management of radioactive waste, the international convention on the safety management of nuclear accident emergency, the international convention on legal liability for nuclear damage, and the international treaty prohibiting and limiting nuclear weapons, etc.The nuclear energy safety legislation of relevant foreign countries has been relatively perfect.The nuclear safety policy of our country has the defect of imperfect system structure. This paper puts forward some concrete suggestions to perfect our nuclear safety policy from the aspects of consummating the legislative structure and so on.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D815.2

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