霸权转移中的大国心态调整——以二战后英美在中东的权力交接为例

发布时间：2018-04-13 02:17

本文选题：英国 + 大国心态　；参考：《中南大学学报(社会科学版)》2015年06期

【摘要】：经济实力决定着霸权演变的发展趋势,但在特定背景下,官方心态对霸权转移的影响也不容忽视。二战之后,通过遏制前苏联确保自身的大国地位是英国政府的重要政策,英国为此在中东维持排他性的霸主地位,信心满满是英国大国心态的典型特征。在民族主义者的激烈反对下,在美国的战略挤压下,英国通过向外界展示其主导地位证明自己在中东的霸权,信心不足的焦虑性成为英国大国心态的新特征。在英国与民族主义者决裂时,英国试图绕过美国,用孤注一掷的方式宣示英国的霸权,非生既死的冒险性成为英国大国心态的新表现。在冒险失败后,英国承认了美国的冷战大局,中东霸主的权力交接基本完成。英国在中东的大国心态调整表明,霸权转移也是一种心态调整的主观过程。
[Abstract]:Economic strength determines the development trend of hegemonic evolution, but under the specific background, the influence of official mentality on hegemony transfer can not be ignored.After World War II, it was an important policy of the British government to ensure its status as a great power by containing the former Soviet Union. For this reason, Britain maintained an exclusive hegemony in the Middle East, which was a typical feature of the British mentality of being a great power.Under the fierce opposition of the nationalists and the strategic squeeze of the United States, the anxiety of lack of confidence has become a new feature of the British state of mind by showing its dominant position to the outside world to prove its hegemony in the Middle East.When Britain broke away from the nationalists, Britain tried to circumvent the United States and declare its hegemony in a desperate way. The risk-taking of life and death became a new manifestation of the British state of mind.After the failed adventure, Britain recognized the Cold War in the United States, and the transfer of power in the Middle East was basically completed.British mentality adjustment in the Middle East shows that hegemony transfer is also a subjective process of mentality adjustment.
【作者单位】：中南财经政法大学政治学系;
【基金】：2011年国家社科基金重点项目“英帝国的形成、发展及其在20世纪的崩溃”(11ASS001) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“1763—1815年的英国结盟外交”(2014047)
【分类号】：D81

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