《盐铁论》对外关系辩论与中国古代外交思想研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 19:33

本文选题：盐铁论 + 中国古代外交思想　；参考：《外交评论(外交学院学报)》2014年04期

【摘要】：本文由思想史路径梳理探讨《盐铁论》中的对外关系理念,以期拓展当前有关中国古代战略与外交思想讨论的视野。《盐铁论》成书于帝制中国儒术"经学时代"的形成期,直接反映了实际的政策辩论过程。"盐铁"辩论中大夫与贤良文学的交锋大量涉及了对外关系与对外战略。其中,御史大夫强调夷夏大防,主张通过武力来消除威胁,保障安全,认为采取进攻战略能够获得更大利益,反对和亲政策。贤良文学则从文明标准认识夷夏之分,认为应当通过施行德政来归化外夷,他们强调进攻性战略无利可图,扰乱国内秩序,认为和亲是更有效的办法。相关言论既是对此前时代对外关系思想的援引借鉴,又同其时代环境有着密切关联。盐铁辩论反映了先秦儒家思想在被统治者意识形态化过程中出现的变异,展现出儒法合流、王霸杂糅的特征。《盐铁论》说明中国古代一般战略思想有其历史内在的复杂性,研究中国古代对外关系思想有必要将思想史路径重新"找回来"。
[Abstract]:This paper discusses the concept of foreign relations in the theory of salt and iron from the way of the history of thought, in order to expand the view of the current discussion on ancient Chinese strategy and diplomacy. The theory of salt and iron was written in the period of formation of Confucianism and Confucian classics in imperial China.It is a direct reflection of the actual process of policy debate. "In the debate of Yan tie, the confrontation between doctors and virtuous literature involved a great deal of foreign relations and strategies.Among them, the imperial doctor emphasized the Yi Xia big defense, advocated to eliminate the threat through the force, guaranteed the security, believed that the attack strategy could obtain the greater benefit, opposed to the pro-friendly policy.Xianliang literature, on the other hand, understands the division of Yi Xia from the standard of civilization and thinks that it should be naturalized by virtue and politics. They emphasize that offensive strategy is unprofitable, disturb the domestic order, and think that harmony with relatives is a more effective method.The related comments are not only a reference to the foreign relations thought of the previous era, but also closely related to its era environment.The debate on salt and iron reflects the variation of Confucianism in the process of the ideology of the rulers, and shows the characteristics of the combination of Confucianism and law and the hybridity of Wang Ba. The theory of salt and iron shows that the general strategic thought of ancient China has its inherent complexity in history.It is necessary to find the way of thinking history again after studying the thought of ancient Chinese foreign relations.
【作者单位】：上海交通大学国际与公共事务学院;
【基金】：上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题“中国参与国际人道主义干预规范塑造的对策研究”(项目编号:2013EGJ001) 上海市教委2013年度“晨光计划”项目“国际人道主义干预规范变迁机制与中国对策研究”(项目编号:13CG14) “上海交通大学文科科研创新基金青年项目”(项目编号:12QN13)的支持
【分类号】：D829;K234.1

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