美国“重返亚太”对中国与东盟国家关系影响及中国应对策略

发布时间：2018-04-29 06:28

本文选题：重返亚太 + 中国　；参考：《华中师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：区域一体化程度的不断发展密切了中国与东盟在各领域的联系,特别是经贸联系。在全球性经济危机的影响下,亚洲率先成为复苏区,人口占世界三分之一的中国与东盟建立的“中国——东盟自由贸易区”自然成为全球瞩目的活力区之一。随之而来的是美国对亚太事务的重新审视,奥巴马政府宣布将重心“重返亚太”,对西太平洋周边国家产生了一定的冲击。东盟国家作为中国重要的邻居和贸易伙伴,也因为美国的重返而与中国的关系发生着微妙细致的变化。中国作为一个发展中的农业、工业大国,虽然与东盟的经济有很强的互补性,但作为一个海域辽阔,海岸基线长的区域大国,与东盟一些国家在主权方而还存在遗留的纠纷。在这样一个大背景下,东盟各国务实的外交特点开始凸显,或者形象地称为“经济上依赖中国,政治上依赖美国”,他们希望在不影响与中国经济合作的同时,美国对中国进行牵制,使中国不至于过于强大,平衡区域内的实力。面对东盟各国这种复杂的心态,只有基于现状进行预判并提前作好应对策略,才能有效维护周边安全环境,继续走中国特色社会主义高速、稳定、健康发展之路。基于中国外交政策、地缘政治战略角度,基于美国、东盟各国国家利益出发,对美国重返亚太后东盟各国的利益需求进行预判,分析美国“重返亚太”这一行为将对中国与东盟国家关系产生的潜在影响,并根据东盟各国不同的特点及中美关系的特殊性着手,分别从政治、经济、安全三个方面提出有关对策,确保中国周边安全,不断加强和拓展与东盟各国的双边、多边合作机制的完善与发展。通过对美国“重返亚太”对东盟国家与中国关系进行分析,按东盟国家与美国交好的亲密程度、与中国摩擦的主要领域、并预见其可能对中国与东盟国家关系产生实质影响的潜在行为,未雨绸缪,从容应对。将东盟各国区分为美国在东盟国家中的正式盟友、战略伙伴、可预期的战略伙伴三大类,从不同立场或意识形态来看待美国这一行为,深入分析其原因、动机,换位思考,对美国可能采取的外交、政治、军事和经济等行为进行预见性分析,统筹全局,最大限度的削弱对中国周边外交安全的潜在威胁。同时,结合东盟内部国家与中国关系的友好程度,区分对待,避免全盘否定带来不必要的麻烦,奉行各领域的睦邻友好合作,用自己的实际行动维护国家主权、尊严和利益。
[Abstract]:The continuous development of regional integration has closely linked China and ASEAN in various fields, especially economic and trade relations. Under the influence of the global economic crisis, Asia is the first to become a resuscitation area. China and ASEAN, the world's 1/3 of the population, have become the dynamic area of global attention. One of the following is the reexamination of America's Asia Pacific Affairs. The Obama administration announced a "return to the Asia Pacific" and a certain impact on the countries surrounding the Western Pacific. As an important neighbor and trading partner of China, ASEAN countries have also undergone subtle changes in relations with China because of the return of the United States.
China, as a developing agriculture and an industrial country, has a strong complementarity with the ASEAN economy, but as a vast sea area, a regional big country with long baselines, and some countries in ASEAN, there are still disputes over the sovereignty of the ASEAN countries. Under such a background, the pragmatic diplomatic characteristics of ASEAN countries begin to highlight or form a form. As "economically dependent on China and politically dependent on the United States", they hope that, while not affecting China's economic cooperation with China, the United States is holding China into an effort to make China not too strong and to balance its strength in the region.
In the face of the complex mentality of ASEAN countries, only based on the status quo prejudicial and early response strategies can we effectively maintain the surrounding security environment and continue to take the road of high speed, stability and healthy development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Based on China's foreign policy, the geopolitical strategy is based on the United States and the national interests of ASEAN countries. The United States returns to the interest demand of the Asian and American ASEAN countries, and analyzes the potential impact on the relationship between China and the ASEAN countries by the act of "returning to the Asia Pacific". And according to the characteristics of the ASEAN countries and the particularity of the Sino US relations, the relevant countermeasures are put forward from the political, economic and security aspects. The security of China's neighboring countries has constantly strengthened and expanded the improvement and development of bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms with ASEAN countries.
Through the analysis of the relationship between ASEAN countries and China on "returning to the Asia Pacific", according to the intimacy of ASEAN countries and the United States, the main areas of friction with China, and the foresight of its potential impact on the relationship between China and the ASEAN countries, it is not a rainy day to deal with it, and the ASEAN countries are divided into the east of the United States in the East. The formal allies, strategic partners, and the expected strategic partners in the three categories of the alliance, look at the United States from different positions or ideologies, analyze the reasons, motivations, and transposed thinking, and make a foreseeable analysis of the possible diplomatic, political, military and economic actions that the United States may take, the overall overall situation and the maximum weakening of the right. At the same time, the potential threat of diplomatic security around the country, at the same time, in combination with the friendly degree of the relations between the ASEAN countries and China, to avoid the unnecessary trouble, to pursue good neighborly and friendly cooperation in various fields, and to safeguard the sovereignty, dignity and interests of the state with its own practical actions.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D871.2;D822.3

【参考文献】