“阿拉伯之春”后俄罗斯对叙利亚政策探析

发布时间：2018-05-03 07:38

本文选题：俄罗斯 + 叙利亚　；参考：《新疆大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自“阿拉伯之春”的革命浪潮席卷中东以来,叙利亚国内也爆发严重危机.“ISIS”在叙利亚崛起后,更使巴沙尔政权雪上加霜。由于叙利亚对于俄罗斯一直具有极其重要的战略意义,且一直以来都是俄罗斯的坚实盟友,在此背景下,俄罗斯按照自己的战略考量和判断,对叙利亚危机问题上采取了相应的政策与措施,并对叙利亚局势的发展起到重要影响。本文主要研究俄罗斯对叙利亚政策的发展和演变过程,探究俄罗斯在“阿拉伯之春”后对叙利亚采取政策的原因、影响及特点,并对下一步俄罗斯对叙利亚的行动政策作出一定预测。叙利亚问题是目前备受关注的国际焦点问题,对中东地区乃至整个世界地缘政治格局都有着重要的影响。研究俄罗斯对叙利亚的政策内容,有助于我们掌握俄罗斯的外交特点,了解叙利亚形势,并对叙利亚未来走向有所把握,对于维护世界和平与地区稳定有着重要的意义。纵观叙利亚危机的演变轨迹,可由2014年9月外部军事介入叙利亚为分水岭,将叙利亚危机分为两个阶段。第一阶段:2011年3月——2014年9月,叙利亚危机开始,在这个阶段中,扩张的叙利亚反对派逐渐做大作强,导致叙利亚的残酷的内战,国内血流不止,叙利亚政府军连续不断溃败,处于艰难防御状态。叙利亚政府更是陷入化学武器危机,美国即将对叙动武,在俄罗斯斡旋下成功化解。第二阶段:2014年9月,在这个阶段中“IS”迅速崛起,快速扩张,叙利亚危机全面升级到最大程度,大马士革岌岌可危。在此背景下,美国、俄罗斯开始对叙利亚发动空袭,战场形势开始发生转变,叙利亚政府军逐渐收复失地,由被动转为主动。本文主要分为三个部分,第一、二部分在概述叙利亚危机演变轨迹的前提下,着重分析俄罗斯在这两个阶段中对叙利亚的政策及政策的成效和影响,第三部分主要分析俄罗斯对叙利亚政策的未来前景趋势。
[Abstract]:Since the Arab Spring revolution swept across the Middle East, Syria has also suffered a serious domestic crisis. The rise of the "ISIS" in Syria has made the Bashar regime worse. Since Syria has always been of great strategic significance to Russia, and has always been a solid ally of Russia, in this context, Russia has made its own strategic considerations and judgments. The corresponding policies and measures have been taken on the Syrian crisis and have played an important role in the development of the situation in Syria. This paper mainly studies the development and evolution of Russia's policy towards Syria, and probes into the reasons, influences and characteristics of Russia's policy towards Syria after the "Arab Spring". And to the next step of Russia's action policy toward Syria to make a certain prediction. The Syrian issue is the focus of international concern, which has an important impact on the geopolitical structure of the Middle East and the world as a whole. Studying the content of Russia's policy towards Syria is helpful for us to grasp the diplomatic characteristics of Russia, understand the situation of Syria, and have some assurance on the future of Syria, which is of great significance for safeguarding world peace and regional stability. Looking at the evolution of the crisis in Syria, the crisis can be divided into two stages, from external military intervention in September 2014 to Syria as a watershed. The first phase: March 2011-September 2014, the start of the Syrian crisis, in which the expanding Syrian opposition gradually became more powerful, leading to a brutal civil war in Syria, with blood flowing through the country. Syrian government troops continue to be defeated, in a difficult state of defense. The Syrian government is plunged into a chemical weapons crisis, the United States is about to use force against Syria, under Russian mediation successfully resolved. Phase two: in September 2014, when is rose rapidly and expanded rapidly, the crisis in Syria escalated to the maximum, and Damascus was in jeopardy. In this context, the United States, Russia began to launch air strikes on Syria, the battlefield situation began to change, Syrian government forces gradually recovered the lost ground, from passive to active. This paper is mainly divided into three parts. The first and second parts, on the premise of outlining the evolution of the Syrian crisis, focus on the analysis of the effectiveness and impact of Russia's policies and policies on Syria in these two stages. The third part mainly analyzes the future trend of Russia's Syria policy.
【学位授予单位】：新疆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D815.4;D851.2

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