建构主义视角下的恐怖主义概念界定研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 00:16

本文选题：恐怖主义 + 建构主义　；参考：《外交学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：恐怖主义的界定问题一直是恐怖主义研究者难以解决的问题,不同国家和学界对恐怖主义界定的理解一直以来也难以达成共识,恐怖主义定义不清导致恐怖主义是什么的问题得不到解答,为什么和怎么办的问题也纠结于此。究其原因,还是理性主义视角在研究社会科学概念时存在缺陷。和理性主义不同,建构主义认为恐怖主义不是客观存在的,而是人为建构的结果。通过理解和分析暗喻在话语建构中的作用,本文对比了“传统恐怖主义”与“新型恐怖主义”的异同,得出“新型恐怖主义”不新的结论。通过分析9·11后美国政府给予恐怖主义的暗喻和西方媒体给予恐怖主义的暗喻,该文证明西方对恐怖主义内涵的理解符合建构主义关于身份、利益、文化的理论;论证恐怖主义的界定由身份认同决定,西方的身份认同排除了他们与恐怖分子对话的可能性,不利于解决恐怖主义背后的社会不公正根源,极大限制了反恐政策发挥作用的空间。同时,美国建构的恐怖主义文化也在国际社会扩散,为一些国家利用,不利于世界消除恐怖主义的努力。最后,为了学术研究的中立和反恐政策有效性,本文给出了排除常见误解的恐怖主义定义。
[Abstract]:The problem of defining terrorism has always been a difficult problem for terrorist researchers to solve, and it has been difficult for different countries and scholars to reach a consensus on the definition of terrorism. The unclear definition of terrorism leads to unanswered questions about what terrorism is, and why and what to do. The reason is that there are defects in the research of social science from the perspective of rationalism. Different from rationalism, constructivism holds that terrorism is not an objective existence, but a result of artificial construction. By understanding and analyzing the role of metaphor in discourse construction, this paper compares the similarities and differences between "traditional terrorism" and "new terrorism", and draws a conclusion that "new terrorism" is not new. By analyzing the metaphor given by the US government to terrorism after 9 / 11 and the metaphor given by the western media to terrorism, this paper proves that the western understanding of the connotation of terrorism conforms to the theory of constructivism on identity, interest and culture; It is demonstrated that the definition of terrorism is determined by identity. Western identity excludes the possibility of dialogue between them and terrorists, and is not conducive to addressing the root causes of social injustice behind terrorism. It greatly limits the scope for counterterrorism policies to work. At the same time, the culture of terrorism constructed by the United States has spread in the international community and used for some countries, which is not conducive to the efforts of the world to eliminate terrorism. Finally, in order to neutralize the academic research and the effectiveness of counter-terrorism policy, this paper gives a definition of terrorism to eliminate common misunderstandings.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D815.5

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