中国对坦桑尼亚外交政策研究（20世纪60年代-70年代）

发布时间：2018-05-12 12:30

本文选题：社会主义 + 共识　；参考：《吉林大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 中国与国外的国际关系学与历史学学者之所以熟知坦桑尼亚,其原因主要有两个:一个源于坦赞铁路(20世纪70年代中国在第三世界的最大援助工程,它完全由中国政府出资与修筑),另一个是坦桑尼亚的首任总统朱利叶斯·尼雷尔。以上这些原因使我对顺利发展的两国传统关系产生了兴趣,并在这一过程中逐渐了解与学习国际关系学和历史学两个领域学者的相关著作。在坦噶尼喀和桑给巴尔合并成坦桑尼亚共和国之后,中国和坦桑尼亚于1964年4月26日建立外交关系。而中国则是亚洲唯一一个承认1964年桑给巴尔革命的国家。自那时起,由于中国对坦桑尼亚政治和经济政策的影响,中坦关系经历了一段长期稳定的发展。中国与坦桑尼亚友好关系的发展深受毛泽东主席的影响。本文的中心论点是探讨自建交以来导致两国关系不断密切发展的共识。我将题目定为“中国对坦桑尼亚外交政策研究(20世纪60年代-70年代)”。社会主义发展道路、对撒哈拉以南非洲解放的态度是两国间关系密切的共识。本文也评估了毛泽东的社会主义政策对坦桑尼亚发展道路的作用。从20世纪60年代中期到80年代,坦桑尼亚经历了由首任总统朱利叶斯·尼雷尔在阿鲁沙宣言中所介绍的社会主义发展道路。在尼雷尔当政时期,他为了保持同中国的紧密关系,推行了社会主义经济政策,同时,也推行了一种被称为“乌贾马”似的乡村农业集体化制度。由于种种原因,尼雷尔在1985年宣布“乌贾马”制度失败。但是这些状况并没有影响中国的对坦政策。研究方法就研究方法而言,本论文主要采用文献研究法,使用资料收集分析数据。因此,主要将一定数目的书籍、学术期刊,论文,报纸杂志、政府出版物和网络检索作为数据来源。此外,还包括权威的新闻机构如新华网,中国国际广播电台和电视台的节目。该分析主要集中识别资料来源和其他相关的文件与材料。论文简纲本文主要包含四个部分第一章理论框架和坦桑尼亚的基本情况本章主要讨论文中所用到的基本理论。在国际关系研究的诸多理论中,建构主义理论对于本文研究最为适宜。该理论由亚历山大·温特最先提出并进一步推动,主要包含两个基本原则:1、人类交往联系的建构主要是由于共识而非物质力量2、有意识行为体的身份和利益主要是由共识所建构。除了这些,该部分还介绍了作为东非地区最大国家的坦桑尼亚的详细资料,如它的历史背景,地理位置,以及作为国际关系战略点的重要性。第二章中国对坦桑尼亚外交政策的政治分析(1960年代-1970年代)中国分别在1961年9月和1963年11月份与坦噶尼喀和桑给巴尔建立了外交关系。1964年4月26日,坦噶尼喀、桑给巴尔两国合并成为坦桑尼亚,中国则顺其自然的延续了与其的外交关系,并把坦桑尼亚建国纪念日作为两国建交纪念日。在这部分中,我论述了中坦联系的背景及两国对于对撒哈拉以南非洲解放的态度。我也研究了毛泽东的社会主义思想及其对坦桑尼亚的影响,尼雷尔的社会主义思想及其影响,以及周恩来、卡鲁姆对两国间社会主义方针的实施所做出的贡献。毛泽东、周恩来以及后来的朱利叶斯·尼雷尔和阿贝德.卡鲁姆被认为是促使中坦建交并推动两国政治经济联系的关键性人物。第三章中国对坦桑尼亚外交政策的经济分析(1960年代-1970年代) 本章是论文的重要部分,主要研究了中国和坦桑尼亚两个发展中国家的经济互助、基本协议和贸易关系,并为中国对坦的经济援助作为中坦传统关系的基石提供了实证。同时本章还探讨了毛泽东时期中国对坦桑尼亚经济援助的主要意义,还有两国间的援助与协议。其中一些比较重要的援建项目包括:坦赞铁路、中坦船舶公司等。就协议而言,我主要研究了两国于1965年2月签署的《中坦友好条约》第四章旧有基础上建立起来的新型关系第四章是本文的结论部分,主要评价了始于毛泽东时代的当代中坦两国关系,同时历史上的合作关系也可以给当代中坦两国领导人以一定启示。这部分评价了当代中坦的政治经济政策、中坦关系的重大挑战以及从历史中所得出的经验教训。
[Abstract]:There are two main reasons why Chinese and foreign scholars of international relations and history know Tanzania. One is from the tanzan Railway (China's largest aid project in the third world in 1970s, it is fully funded and built by the Chinese government), and the other is the first president of Tanzania, Julius Nyerere. These reasons led to my interest in the smooth development of the traditional relations between the two countries. In this process, I gradually learned about the related works of scholars in two fields of international relations and history. After the merger of Tanganyika and Zanzibar into the Republic of Tanzania, China and Tanzania established diplomatic relations in April 26, 1964. China is the only country in Asia that recognised the Zanzibar revolution in 1964. Since then, China's relationship with Tanzania has undergone a long and stable development because of its influence on Tanzania's political and economic policies. The development of China's friendly relations with Tanzania is deeply influenced by President Mao Zedong.
The central point of this article is to discuss the consensus on the continuous development of relations between the two countries since the establishment of diplomatic relations. I set the topic "China's foreign policy study on Tanzania (1960s -70 years)". The road of socialist development, the attitude of the Saharan Africa liberation is a close agreement between the two countries. This paper also evaluates the relationship between the two countries. The role of Mao Zedong's socialist policy on the development of Tanzania. From the mid 1960s to 80s, Tanzania experienced the socialist development path introduced by the first president Julius Nyerere in the Arusha declaration. In the period of Nyerere's administration, he carried out the society in order to maintain close relations with China. At the same time, a system of rural agricultural collectivization, called Ujama, was also introduced. For a variety of reasons, Nyerere declared the "Ujama" system failed in 1985. But these conditions did not affect China's policy on Tanzania.
research method
As far as the research method is concerned, this paper mainly adopts the literature research method and uses the data to collect and analyze the data. Therefore, it mainly includes a certain number of books, academic periodicals, papers, newspapers and magazines, government publications and network retrieval as data sources. In addition, it also includes the authoritative new organizations such as Xinhua, China International Radio and television. The analysis focuses on identifying sources of information and other relevant documents and materials.
Brief outline of paper
This article mainly contains four parts
Chapter one: theoretical framework and basic situation in Tanzania
This chapter mainly discusses the basic theories used in this article. In the many theories of international relations, constructivism is most suitable for this study. The theory was first proposed and further promoted by Alexander Winter, which mainly includes two basic principles: 1, the construction of human communication links is mainly due to consensus rather than material force. 2, the identity and interests of conscious actors are mainly constructed by consensus.
In addition to these, the section also introduces the details of Tanzania, the largest country in the East African region, such as its historical background, geographical location, and the importance of the strategic point of international relations.
The second chapter of China's political analysis of Tanzania's foreign policy (1960s -1970 years) China established diplomatic relations with Tanganyika and Zanzibar in September 1961 and November 1963 respectively. In April 26th, Tanganyika and Zanzibar merged into Tanzania, and China continued their diplomacy with their own nature. Relations, and the anniversary of the founding of the Tanzania as the anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries.
In this section, I discuss the background of Sino Tan's connection and the attitude of the two countries to the liberation of sub Saharan Africa. I also studied Mao Zedong's socialist ideology and its influence on Tanzania, Nyerere's socialist ideology and its influence, and Zhou Enlai and kalum's implementation of the socialist policy between the two countries. Contributions. Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, and later Julius Nyerere and abed kurm are considered to be key figures for the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries and the promotion of the political and economic ties between the two countries.
The third chapter is China's economic analysis of Tanzania's foreign policy (1960s -1970).
This chapter is an important part of the thesis. It mainly studies the mutual economic assistance, basic agreements and trade relations of two developing countries in China and Tanzania, and provides empirical evidence for China's economic assistance as a traditional relationship between China and the tanzan. Meanwhile, this chapter also discusses the main meaning of China's economic assistance to Tanzania during the Mao Zedong period. Some of the more important projects for aid and construction include the Tanzania railway, the Zhong Tan Shipping Co and so on. In terms of the agreement, I mainly studied the Sino - Tan Treaty of friendship, signed by the two countries in February 1965.
The fourth chapter is a new relationship established on the basis of old ones.
The fourth chapter is the concluding part of this article, which mainly evaluates the contemporary Sino tanning relationship that began in the Mao Zedong era, and the cooperation relationship in history can also give some inspiration to the leaders of the contemporary China and the two countries. This part evaluates the political and economic policies of the contemporary China, the major challenges of the Sino tanning relationship and the experience gained from the history. Lesson.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：D829.4

【相似文献】