基于现实主义权力政治观论奥巴马政府的外交战略

发布时间：2018-05-27 05:01

本文选题：现实主义 + 权力政治　；参考：《燕山大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：在全球化各国相互依赖的今天，尤其是在新的世界经济危机的当下，一方面需要各国密切合作，共同面对和解决诸多经济、政治安全问题，另一方面我们也必须看到，合作与协商的背后仍然是冲突与利益的交织。现实主义权力政治观仍然是国际政治中一种经久不衰的解释范式。该理论在美国的外交战略中得到了充分体现并对其当代外交实践产生了深远影响。美国历届总统一贯奉行现实主义外交，并将其作为外交战略制定的依据。美国在对外交往的过程中，顾及的永远是自身的利益与安全，追求的永远是权力的最大化。小布什政府时期曾以单边主义、先发制人战略为其行动指南，它显然是现实主义指导下的结果。自2009年奥巴马上任以来，他积极奔走于各大洲之间，，频频向国际社会示好，果断摒弃小布什时期的单边主义与先发制人战略，积极开展多边主义外交并加强与其他国家的合作，同时提出了“巧权力”这一新的外交理念。似乎把国际社会搞得一团和气，似乎要与霸权主义完全决裂。但仔细分析奥巴马政府的外交战略，我们会发现，奥巴马政府外交战略的制定与实施仍然是秉承现实主义的结果。
[Abstract]:Today, when the countries of globalization depend on each other, especially in the new world economic crisis, on the one hand, we need all countries to work closely together to face and solve many economic and political security problems. On the other hand, we must also see that, There is still conflict and interest behind cooperation and negotiation. Realistic view of power politics is still an enduring explanation paradigm in international politics. This theory has been fully embodied in the diplomatic strategy of the United States and has exerted a profound influence on its contemporary diplomatic practice. American presidents have always pursued realistic diplomacy and used it as the basis for the formulation of diplomatic strategy. In the process of foreign communication, the United States always takes into account its own interests and security, and always pursues the maximization of power. Under the guidance of realism, the Bush administration used unilateralism and pre-emptive strategy as its action guide. Since he took office in 2009, Obama has actively travelled between continents, frequently courted the international community, resolutely abandoned the unilateralism and pre-emptive strategy of the Bush era, actively engaged in multilateral diplomacy and strengthened cooperation with other countries. At the same time, it puts forward the new diplomatic concept of "skillful power". It'seems that the international community is going to break completely from hegemonism. However, a careful analysis of the Obama administration's diplomatic strategy shows that the formulation and implementation of the Obama administration's diplomatic strategy is still the result of realism.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2

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