冷战后美国地区政策与联盟战略调整中的土耳其因素

发布时间：2018-06-03 08:29

本文选题：美国地区政策和全球同盟战略调整 + 土耳其　；参考：《外交学院》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：冷战后美国根据国际形势的变化对其全球战略进行了大幅度的调整，以维护其全球霸权地位。冷战后国际形势变化之大、美国全球利益分布之广和美国全球战略覆盖领域之大决定了冷战后美国全球战略调整的复杂性。作为美国的重要盟友，土耳其在冷战后美国全球战略调整过程中扮演了十分重要的角色。土耳其是美国中东政策调整的重要伙伴。冷战后美国中东战略的重点由遏制苏联转向维护以石油利益为中心的经济利益。土耳其的石油运输管道是美国维持中东石油安全外运的重要通道。作为一个民主的、稳定的、倾向西方的中东穆斯林国家，土耳其担当着中东局势稳定器、维护以色列安全、配合美国双遏制“两伊”的重任。土耳其申请加入欧盟的国策与美国的“新欧洲”政策具备利益吻合之处。土耳其在入盟问题上一直获得美国的鼓励和支持。土耳其一旦入盟，有可能造成欧盟内部权力的分散和内部冲突的加剧，，达到符合美国利益的阻滞欧盟一体化进一步发展的效果。土耳其在冷战后美国全球联盟战略调整过程中发挥的作用是不可忽视的。一方面，作为北约的重要成员，土耳其反对欧盟提升防务能力的计划，力挺美国北约强化、转型、东扩的方案。另一方面，在美国致力打造新式的联盟形式体系——意愿同盟体系的构建过程中，土耳其在言语上和行动上都给予了重要的支持，推动美国主导下的意愿同盟快速、健康的发展。美土关系不仅仅是一对寻常的双边关系，还是一种具备地区乃至全球影响的战略伙伴关系。土耳其是美国全球战略棋局中一颗具有特殊意义的棋子。
[Abstract]:After the Cold War, the United States adjusted its global strategy greatly according to the changes of the international situation in order to maintain its global hegemony. The great changes in the international situation after the cold war, the wide distribution of the global interests of the United States and the great area covered by the global strategy of the United States determine the complexity of the adjustment of the global strategy of the United States after the cold war. As an important ally of the United States, Turkey has played a very important role in the adjustment of the global strategy of the United States after the Cold War. Turkey is an important partner in the adjustment of US Middle East policy. After the Cold War, the emphasis of American Middle East strategy shifted from containing the Soviet Union to defending the economic interests centered on oil interests. Turkey's oil pipeline is an important channel for the United States to maintain the Middle East oil safe shipping. As a democratic, stable and western-leaning Muslim country in the Middle East, Turkey plays the role of a stabilizer of the Middle East situation, safeguarding Israel's security, and cooperating with the United States to contain Iran and Iraq. Turkey's EU policy coincides with America's "new Europe" policy. Turkey has been encouraged and supported by the United States on the accession issue. Once Turkey joins the EU, it may lead to the decentralization of power and the intensification of internal conflict within the EU, which is in line with the interests of the United States to block the further development of EU integration. Turkey's role in the strategic adjustment of the US Global Alliance after the Cold War cannot be ignored. On the one hand, as an important member of NATO, Turkey opposes the EU's plan to enhance its defense capability, and supports the plan of strengthening, transforming, and eastward expanding the United States NATO. On the other hand, as the United States worked to build a new form of alliance, the willing alliance, Turkey gave important support, both verbally and in action, to promote the U.S.-led alliance of will. A healthy development. The US-Turkey relationship is not just an ordinary bilateral relationship, but also a strategic partnership with regional and global implications. Turkey is a piece with special significance in the global strategic chess game of the United States.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2

【参考文献】