俄罗斯西部国家安全中的黑海海权问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 02:49

本文选题：俄罗斯西部 + 国家安全　；参考：《兰州大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：苏联解体,国际社会进入了新的时代,也诞生了一个全新的俄罗斯。原苏联加盟共和国和东欧地区国家的纷纷西靠,使俄罗斯丧失了在苏联时代与西方的广阔战略缓冲区,导致俄罗斯西部国家安全的边界几乎与俄罗斯领土边界重合,俄罗斯国家安全面临新的环境和挑战。由于对新生俄罗斯本质上的不信任,以美国为首的北约不断加速东扩,把原苏联、东欧、东南欧地区国家逐步纳入大西洋集体安全体系,从政治和军事上不断挤压俄罗斯战略空间；同时,欧盟作为西欧国家政治经济一体化的集团,从自身政治经济发展的战略空间出发不断东扩,从政治经济上把原苏联欧洲加盟共和国逐步纳入自己的经济体系和发展空间。北约东扩和欧盟东扩相辅相成,不断向俄罗斯边境挺进,挤占俄罗斯的战略空间。这使得刚刚从与西方虚假的蜜月期清醒过来的俄罗斯感受到前所未有的战略安全威胁。西部,也成为俄罗斯国家安全的重心和主要战略方向。黑海,位于俄罗斯西南部,地处欧亚非三大洲结合部,北靠乌克兰、俄罗斯,南接土耳其,西濒巴尔干半岛、通地中海,东遏外高加索、里海,是俄罗斯帝国通过数百年的经营夺得的南部出海口,也是俄罗斯同西方抗衡的海上安全屏障,地缘战略地位极其突出,对于俄罗斯尤为重要。苏联解体后,黑海地区出现了许多新的主权国家,黑海海域和海权为沿岸国家所分割。西方的北约和欧盟东扩以及黑海地区前苏联加盟共和国的西靠,使黑海成为俄罗斯维护西部国家安全的关键。而黑海海权的掌控也就成为俄罗斯维护西部国家安全的重要保障。俄罗斯黑海舰队是俄罗斯掌控黑海海权,进而维护西部国家安全的核心力量。但是,俄乌黑海舰队问题一直困扰和威胁着俄罗斯。因而,俄罗斯最终采取什么方式和手段对待乌克兰以求根本上解决俄乌黑海问题,成为俄罗斯掌控黑海海权、维护西部国家安全的核心与焦点。
[Abstract]:The collapse of the Soviet Union, the international community entered a new era, but also the birth of a new Russia. The former Soviet Union republics and the countries in Eastern Europe have one after another to rely on the west, which made Russia lose its vast strategic buffer zone with the West during the Soviet era, resulting in the border of security in the western part of Russia almost coinciding with the border of Russia's territory. Russia's national security faces new circumstances and challenges. As a result of their distrust of the nature of the newborn Russia, the US-led NATO continued to accelerate its eastward expansion, gradually bringing the countries of the former Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and South-Eastern Europe into the Atlantic collective security system. At the same time, as a political and economic integration group of Western European countries, the European Union is expanding eastward from its own strategic space for political and economic development. From the political and economic point of view, the former Soviet Union European Republics were gradually incorporated into their own economic system and development space. NATO's eastward expansion and the EU's eastward expansion complement each other, pushing into the Russian border and crowding out Russia's strategic space. This gives Russia, which has just woken up from a false honeymoon with the West, an unprecedented strategic security threat. Western, also become the center of gravity of Russian national security and the main strategic direction. The Black Sea, located in southwest Russia, is located at the junction of three continents, Eurasia and Africa. To the north, Ukraine, Russia, Turkey to the south, the Balkans to the west, the Mediterranean Sea to the east, Transcaucasia to the east, the Caspian Sea, It is the southern mouth of the sea captured by the Russian Empire through several hundred years of operation, and it is also a maritime security barrier for Russia to compete with the West. The geo-strategic position is extremely prominent, which is particularly important to Russia. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, many new sovereign states appeared in the Black Sea region. The eastward expansion of the Western NATO and the European Union and the western side of the former Soviet republics in the Black Sea region make the Black Sea the key for Russia to maintain the security of the western countries. And the control of sea power in the Black Sea has become an important guarantee for Russia to safeguard the security of the western part of the country. The Russian Black Sea Fleet is the core of Russia's control of the Black Sea Sea and thus the maintenance of security in the western part of the country. However, the Russian-Ukrainian Black Sea Fleet problem has been puzzling and threatening Russia. As a result, what ways and means Russia finally adopted to deal with Ukraine in order to fundamentally solve the Black Sea problem between Russia and Ukraine has become the core and focus of Russia's control of the Black Sea sea power and the maintenance of western national security.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D815.3

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