中东“阿拉伯之春”的地缘政治透视

发布时间：2018-06-23 06:06

本文选题：“阿拉伯之春” + 中东地区　；参考：《山西师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：中东拥有得天独厚的战略地位，并且拥有着丰富的石油天然气资源和独特的文化影响。然而自一战以来，这片土地似乎从天堂变成了地狱，帝国列强在这里抢掠，宗教争斗在这里上演，民族厮杀在这里愈演愈烈。2010年底，，突尼斯爆发了由民众发起的反对政府的抗议示威运动，随后这场所谓的“阿拉伯之春”的风暴席卷了整个中东北非地区。地缘政治是判定国家利益的重要根据，是认识国际关系的一个重要视角。以地缘政治视角研究中东“阿拉伯之春”爆发和蔓延的地缘政治原因，可以更清晰地把握这场变局的本质；探讨中东“阿拉伯之春”的影响，可以对中东地区乃至世界的地缘政治格局的变化，有更清晰的了解。中东“阿拉伯之春”的爆发和蔓延，对中国的影响也是十分深刻的。中国与中东在地缘政治上也有着非常密切的联系，中东地缘政治格局的变化使中国的战略利益也受到影响。因此，研究“阿拉伯之春”这场中东剧变对于我国未来中东战略政策的制定，经贸关系的发展，能源结构的调整都具有一定的参考意义。本文将以地缘政治学的角度对中东“阿拉伯之春”进行分析和探讨。论文的主体部分主要分为四个部分。第一部分，以地缘政治的角度对中东的战略地位做出评价，找到中东地区战火频繁、争端不断的地缘政治根源。第二部分，简单陈述“阿拉伯之春”爆发前的中东局势，以及“阿拉伯之春”的由来和蔓延情况，然后对“阿拉伯之春”特点进行了归纳。第三部分，从地缘政治的角度对“阿拉伯之春”爆发和蔓延的原因进行分析。其中内因从中东政治因素、经济因素、民族及宗教因素进行分析，从而把握中东地区的内部矛盾所在；外因则要从全球金融危机的影响和美国因素，以及中东变局背后的法国、英国、俄罗斯和中国等其他大国因素进行分析。第四部分，以地缘政治的角度探讨“阿拉伯之春”的地缘政治影响。在这一部分本文将重点分析“阿拉伯之春”分别对中东伊斯兰国家、以色列、美国、欧洲、和中国的地缘政治影响，同时，找出“阿拉伯之春”对世界石油安全的影响。当前，这场爆发于中东而令世界震动的“阿拉伯之春”仍然没有结束，中东的动荡仍在继续，影响仍在加深。随着我国综合国力的不断增强和国际影响的不断扩大，我国与中东国家的往来必将进一步发展、深化，因此，加强中东地缘政治的研究非常必要。及时了解、掌握大国的中东政策走向和中东地区各国的互动关系，我们要多视角、全方位地理解并把握中东地区的主要矛盾，为我国有关决策部门制定相应的政策，提供参考和建议。
[Abstract]:The Middle East has a unique strategic position, rich oil and gas resources and unique cultural influence. But since World War I, the land seems to have gone from heaven to hell, where imperial powers have plundered, where religious feuds have been staged, and where ethnic strife has intensified by the end of 2010. A popular protest campaign against the government broke out in Tunisia and the so-called Arab Spring storm swept across the Middle East and North Africa. Geopolitics is an important basis for judging national interests and an important perspective for understanding international relations. To study the geopolitical causes of the outbreak and spread of the Arab Spring in the Middle East from the perspective of geopolitics, we can grasp the essence of the change more clearly, and discuss the influence of the Arab Spring in the Middle East. Can have a clearer understanding of the changes in the geopolitical landscape of the Middle East and the world. The outbreak and spread of the Arab Spring in the Middle East also have a profound impact on China. China and the Middle East also have very close relations in geopolitics, and the strategic interests of China are also affected by the change of geopolitical structure in the Middle East. Therefore, the study of the Arab Spring is of great significance for the formulation of China's future Middle East strategic policy, the development of economic and trade relations, and the adjustment of energy structure. This paper analyzes and discusses the Arab Spring in the Middle East from the perspective of geopolitics. The main body of the paper is divided into four parts. The first part evaluates the strategic position of the Middle East from the perspective of geopolitics and finds out the geopolitical origin of the frequent wars and disputes in the Middle East. The second part briefly describes the situation in the Middle East before the outbreak of the Arab Spring, the origin and spread of the Arab Spring, and then summarizes the characteristics of the Arab Spring. The third part analyzes the causes of the outbreak and spread of the Arab Spring from the perspective of geopolitics. The internal causes are analyzed from the political, economic, ethnic and religious factors of the Middle East, so as to grasp the internal contradictions in the Middle East region; the external causes are due to the influence of the global financial crisis and the American factors, as well as France, which is behind the changes in the Middle East. Britain, Russia and China and other major factors were analyzed. The fourth part discusses the geopolitical influence of the Arab Spring from the perspective of geopolitics. In this part, we will analyze the geopolitical influence of the Arab Spring on the Islamic countries of the Middle East, Israel, the United States, Europe and China, and find out the impact of the Arab Spring on the world oil security. Right now, the Arab Spring, which rocked the world by erupting in the Middle East, is not over, the turmoil in the Middle East continues and its impact is deepening. With the continuous enhancement of China's comprehensive national strength and the expansion of international influence, the contacts between China and the Middle East countries will be further developed and deepened. Therefore, it is very necessary to strengthen the study of Middle East geopolitics. We should understand and grasp in a timely manner the direction of the Middle East policy of the major powers and the interactive relations between the various countries in the Middle East region. We should understand and grasp the major contradictions in the Middle East region in a comprehensive way, and formulate corresponding policies for the relevant decision-making departments in our country. Provide reference and advice.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D815.4

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