后阿拉法特时代的巴以和谈

发布时间：2018-06-26 05:21

本文选题：后阿拉法特时代 + 巴以和谈　；参考：《华东师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：关于中东和平进程的研究是历史上影响最深远、涉及面最广以及矛盾最为尖锐复杂的地区外交课题,其中的核心问题是巴勒斯坦和以色列之间的矛盾与和解。本文旨在对阿拉法特逝世以后,七年以来(2004年11月——2011年11月)的巴以和谈作一宏观和总体性的考察,考察的方法是宏观和微观、历史和现实相结合,但侧重于宏观、总体和现实的把握,以期回答两个问题：后阿拉法特时代的巴以和谈进展如何?是那些因素影响和制约着巴以和谈的进展? 冲突与和平进程首先是其自身因素的结果,其次才是外部因素的产物。阿拉法特逝世以后巴勒斯坦和以色列内部政局都发生了非常大的变化,巴内部激进组织哈马斯在2006年1月的巴立法委员会选举中击败巴民族解放运动(法塔赫),赢得选举胜利,哈马斯一举崛起,随即巴内部两大派别法塔赫与哈马斯陷入内讧,巴内部无法形成一致的对以谈判策略；以色列方面,以色列民意在两场战争(2006年第二次黎巴嫩战争和2008年以色列发动对加沙的战争)以后日趋右转,右翼势力又重新崛起,对巴谈判立场强硬,不妥协；对巴以和谈影响最大的外部力量美国在这一段时间里对巴以和平进程相对超脱,巴以和平进程在美国小布什政府的中东整体战略中处于边缘化的境地,被置于反对恐怖主义与大中东民主改造计划这两大范畴之内,未给予充分的重视。本文对后阿拉法特时代的巴以和谈作了概述,重点分析了后阿拉法特时代巴勒斯坦和以色列内部政局的变化以及有关国际四方(美国、联合国、欧盟、俄罗斯),特别是美国对和谈的影响。全文一共分为四章,第一章全面概述了后阿拉法特时代的巴以和谈,后面三章分别是从巴、以内部以及外部因素分析了后阿拉法特时代巴以和谈无实质性进展的原因。为了使行文逻辑连贯,第一章中的第一节用了少量的篇幅简述了阿拉法特时代的巴以和谈,并对巴以和谈的症结做了较详细的分析；第二、三章分别是从后阿拉法特时代巴以内部政局的变化,包括巴勒斯坦激进派别哈马斯的崛起,以色列右翼势力的崛起,来分析巴以和谈无实质性进展的原因；第四章分析了外部势力主要是有关国际四方对巴以和谈产生的影响,其中重点分析了美国的因素；结语部分对后阿拉法特时代的巴以和谈作了两点理论探讨并对巴以问题的解决途径进行了思考。
[Abstract]:The research on the Middle East peace process is the most far-reaching, involving the most extensive and the most acute and complicated regional diplomacy subject in history, the core of which is the contradiction and reconciliation between Palestine and Israel. The purpose of this paper is to make a macro and overall inspection of the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks in the past seven years (November 2004-November 2011) after Arafat's death. The method of investigation is a combination of macro and micro, history and reality, but focusing on macro. Overall and realistic grasp, with a view to answering two questions: what is the progress of the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks in the post-Arafat era? What factors are affecting and constraining the progress of the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks? Conflict and peace processes are first the result of their own factors, and then of external factors. After Arafat's death, great changes have taken place in the internal political situation of both Palestine and Israel. Hamas, the Palestinian internal militant organization, defeated the Palestinian National Liberation Movement (Fatah) in the Palestinian Legislative Council elections in January 2006 and won the election victory. With the rise of Hamas, the two major factions inside Palestine, Fatah and Hamas, fell into infighting, and the Palestinians were unable to form a consistent strategy for negotiations with Israel; on the Israeli side, After the two wars (the second Lebanon war in 2006 and the war on Gaza launched by Israel in 2008), Israeli public opinion turned to the right day by day, and the right-wing forces rose again. The United States, the external force most influential in the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks, was relatively detached from the Palestinian-Israeli peace process during this period, and the Palestinian-Israeli peace process was marginalized in the overall strategy of the Bush administration in the Middle East. Not enough attention has been given to anti-terrorism and the Greater Middle East Democratic Reform Plan. This paper gives an overview of the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks in the post-Arafat era, focusing on the changes in the internal political situation of Palestine and Israel in the post-Arafat era and the relevant international Quartet (the United States, the United Nations, the European Union), Russia), especially the influence of the United States on the peace talks. The first chapter gives a comprehensive overview of the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks in the post-Arafat era. The last three chapters analyze the reasons for the lack of substantial progress in the post-Arafat era from the aspects of Palestine, internal and external factors. In order to make the logic of the passage coherent, the first section of the first chapter gives a brief account of the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks in Arafat's time, and makes a more detailed analysis of the crux of the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks. The three chapters analyze the reasons for the lack of substantial progress in the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks from the changes in the internal political situation of Palestine and Israel in the post-Arafat era, including the rise of the Palestinian radical faction Hamas and the rise of the right-wing forces in Israel. The fourth chapter analyzes the influence of the foreign forces on the Palestinian-Israeli peace talks, especially the American factors. The conclusion part makes two theoretical discussions on the Palestine-Israel peace talks in the post-Arafat era and thinks about the ways to solve the Palestine-Israel problem.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D815.4

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