中国和平发展的重大外部障碍及其破解

发布时间：2018-06-29 04:12

本文选题：中国和平发展 + 外部障碍　；参考：《东北大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：中国经济近年来的高速发展,尤其在后金融危机时代,中国经济的优良表现,引起了世界范围的关注。随着发展的推进,我国政府将当前及今后的发展战略确立为和平发展,即中国和平发展。然而在实现中国和平发展的具体实践中,面临诸多重大的外部障碍。这些重大障碍主要来源于美国与印度两个方面,以及其他几个具体方面。在美国积极推进“重返亚洲”战略,并通过离岸制衡战略、巧地区机制及高技术出口管制来抑制中国崛起将造成的自身全球影响力的丧失和相对低位的下降。另一方面,印度作为亚洲地区同样处于崛起地位的国家,与分享中国发展利益的同时,在美国离岸的扶植下,顺利获得了实际上的有核国家地位并大力扩充军备,制衡中国安全；并在边界及西藏问题方面与中国产生争端,干扰中国发展步调。印度民众对华的持续消极态度,也将在未来长远影响印政府对华政策。除此,中国和平发展还将面临着来自全球气候变化等非传统安全问题、半岛安全局势问题等带来的障碍。产生这些重大外部障碍的原因,主要包括现实因素和意识形态与理论因素两个方面,现实因素方面包括权力、利益、国家实力、地区及国际影响、发展空间、国际负担、当前发展态势、未来战略意图等；意识形态与理论方面则包括中国与其他国家间因意识形态差异存在诸多信息不对称,因此造成了不信任和理解偏差,同时中国自身的理论发展也不够成熟,导致不能充分有效的阐述本国相关发展理念及破除存在的误解,甚至出现漏洞而被恶意利用。破解这些重大障碍的策略主要包括中国自身决策的角度、处理国家间关系的角度以及本国理论发展的角度。首先要在政府各项有关决策中把握灵活性与长远性,参与国际事务应该综合考虑多方面因素,做到“量力而行”,而非事事竭力参与；对于与他国之间存在利益方面的结构性差异,应当抓准时机,通过更为具有长远性的决策来弥合。同时在决策及外交行动,始终保持理性的自主,坚持应对外部危机的自主性。其次,要做到在国际范围内要较强各方面的交流合作,并积极完善各项相关多边机制。最后要加强本国理论的发展进步,让理论不仅能够跟得上发展的步伐,更要有效的服务于中国和平发展这一重大实践活动的顺利推进。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of Chinese economy in recent years, especially in the post-financial crisis era, the excellent performance of China's economy has attracted worldwide attention. With the advancement of development, the present and future development strategy of our government is established as peaceful development, that is, China's peaceful development. However, in the practice of realizing China's peaceful development, there are many major external obstacles. These major obstacles come mainly from the United States and India, as well as several other specific aspects. In the United States, the "pivot to Asia" strategy has been actively pursued, with offshore checks and balances, regional mechanisms and high-tech export controls to curb the loss of China's own global influence and relative low levels of decline as a result of China's rise. On the other hand, as a rising country in Asia, India, while sharing the benefits of China's development, has successfully gained the status of a de facto nuclear power and greatly expanded its armaments under the help of the United States offshore. Checks and balances China's security; and disputes with China over border and Tibet issues, disrupting China's pace of development. India's continued negative attitude toward China will also affect the Indian government's China policy in the long term. In addition, China's peaceful development will also face obstacles from non-traditional security issues such as global climate change and the security situation on the peninsula. The causes of these major external obstacles mainly include realistic factors and ideological and theoretical factors. Realistic factors include power, interests, national strength, regional and international influence, development space, and international burden. In terms of ideology and theory, there are many information asymmetries between China and other countries due to ideological differences, resulting in mistrust and misunderstandings. At the same time, the development of China's own theory is not mature enough, which leads to insufficient and effective elaboration of the relevant development concepts and the elimination of existing misunderstandings, and even loopholes are maliciously exploited. The strategies to solve these major obstacles include the angle of China's own decision-making, the angle of dealing with inter-state relations and the angle of the development of its own theory. First of all, we should grasp the flexibility and the long-term nature in the relevant decision-making of the government. To participate in international affairs, we should consider various factors synthetically and do the best we can, instead of trying our best to participate in everything. For the structural differences of interests with other countries, we should grasp the right time and make more long-term decisions to bridge them. At the same time, in decision-making and diplomatic action, always maintain rational autonomy, adhere to the autonomy to deal with external crises. Secondly, it is necessary to strengthen exchanges and cooperation in various fields at the international level and to actively improve relevant multilateral mechanisms. Finally, it is necessary to strengthen the development and progress of domestic theories so that they can not only keep up with the pace of development, but also effectively serve the smooth advancement of this important practical activity of China's peaceful development.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D820

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